Hip and Knee

Question 1

What joint type is the hip?

Answer 1

Diarthrotic ball and socket type of synovial joint

Question 2

Acetabular Labrum Tears

Answer 2

Induced by twisting on weight bearing hip. 80% have no known direct cause

If the front of the hip is affected there can be a pinching sensation when they bring the knee up to the chest (flexion)

Question 3

Hip joint: Articular Capsule

Answer 3

Integrity of hip is the capsule

Has intrinsic ligaments that are thickenings in the wall itself. They help with function

Question 4

What are the 4 hip joint intrinsic ligaments?

Answer 4

Iliofemoral ligament (main one-most fibrous tissue, upside down “Y”)
Pubofemoral
Ischiofemoral

Flexion will unwind fibers, give greater chance of dislocation (flexion and adduction is most exposed)

Question 5

Anterior hip dislocation

Answer 5

10-15% of traumatic hip dislocations (not nearly as frequently as posterior)

Occurs when knee is out to the side

Tears the anterior hip capsule

Question 6

Posterior hip dislocation

Answer 6

When leg is bent at 90 and slightly internally rotated

Can cause damage to sciatic nerve

Question 7

Hip joint: clinical anatomy

Answer 7

Hip joint is susceptible to degenerative processes: osteoarthritis

May require a replacement (plastic socket cemented to hip bone to replace acetabulum

Question 8

Female femoral angle:

Answer 8

Greater angle (women get more ACL tears because of angle)

Question 9

Which of the small lateral rotators is the least effective abductor when the thigh is flexed?

Answer 9

Quadratus femoris