Gluteal region

Question 1

Primary blood supply to the thigh

Answer 1

Profunda femoris (deep femoral artery)

Augmented by femoral a. and obturator a., obturator a. primarily to deep abductors

Question 2

Difference between thigh and leg

Answer 2

Thigh is upper half of lower extremity

Leg is lower half of lower extremity (e.g. tibia)

Question 3

Functions of lower limb

Answer 3

Weight bearing

Locomotion

Question 4

2 ligaments form 2 important foramina in the gluteal region. What are the 2 foramina?

Answer 4

Greater sciatic foramen

Lesser sciatic foramen

Question 5

What exits from the Greater Sciatic Foramen?

Answer 5

Gluteal neurovascular bundles

Piriformis

Sciatic nerve

Posterior Femoral cutaneous nerve (covers most skin in body)

Pudendal nerve and internal pudendal artery

Obturator internus/superior gemellus nerve

Question 6

What exits from the Lesser Sciatic Foramen?

Answer 6

Pudendal nerve and internal pudendal arter ENTER (they came out big hole, go back in little hole)

Obturator internus/superior gemellus nerve (ENTER)

Obturator internus (EXITS)

Question 7

Clinical Anatomy: Sciatic Nerve

Answer 7

• Posterior hip dislocation: can cause damage to sciatic nerve
• May result in paralysis of hamstrings and muscles distal to knee
• Sensory change may occur in skin over posterolateral aspects of leg and most of foot

Question 8

Clinical Anatomy: Intragluteal injections

Answer 8

Should be made in the supero-lateral part of gluteal region in order to avoid the sciatic nerve and other gluteal nerves and vessels

Question 9

Clinical Anatomy: Gluteus Medius and Minimus

Answer 9

Condition names:

• Gluteal gait or Duchenne’s Limp
• Positive Trendelenburg’s sign

Cause:
-Superior gluteal nerve injury

Effect:

• Patient loses steadying action of gluteus medius and minimus
• Lean toward effected side during stance phase of gait