Location and structure of heart Flashcards
Where is the superior mediastinum found?
Above the sternal angle
What is the inferior mediastinum split into?
Anterior, posterior and middle
Which part of the inferior mediastinum is the heart found in?
Middle
Where does the right border of the heart run?
t3-6
what is the fibrous pericardium?
tough outer layer which attaches to the diaphragm
what are the 2 layers of the serous pericardium?
parietal and visceral
what does the parietal layer of the serous pericardium line?
inner surface of the fibrous pericardium
what does the visceral layer of the SP cover?
outer surface of the heart
what is the epicardium?
visceral layer of SP
what is the myocardium?
cardiac muscle wall
what is the endocardium?
thin endothelial layer lining internal surfaces of the heart
what heart chambers contain deoxygenated blood?
right atrium and right ventricle
what heart chambers contain oxygenated blood?
left atrium and left ventricle
which chambers are at the front of the thorax?
right
features of the right atrium
sinus venarum
pectinate muscles
crista terminalis (SA node is above this)
fossa ovalis (remains of foetal foramen ovale)
features of right ventricle
trabeculae carnae
papillary muscles
chordae tendineae
conus arteriosis
what does the chordae tendineae do?
anchors the valve leaflets
how does the left atrium differ from the right?
relatively featureless
no sinus venarum
no crista terminalis
how can you tell the difference between the left and right ventricle?
thick muscular wall
no conus arteriosis
what are the names of the valves, and, what do they articulate with?
tricuspid - right atrium to right ventricle
mitral - left atrium to left ventricle
pulmonary - right ventricle to pulmonary trunk
aortic - left ventricle to aorta
which valve only has 2 cusps?
mitral
