Blood supply to the body regions

Question 1

4 sections of aorta

Answer 1

ascending
arch
descending/thoracic
abdominal

Question 2

branches of ascending aorta

Answer 2

R and L coronary arteries

Question 3

branches of arch of aorta

Answer 3

R and L subclavian arteries
R and L common carotid arteries

Question 4

what do the R and L common carotid arteries supply

Answer 4

Head and neck

Question 5

what is the descending aorta posterior to

Answer 5

L lung, pericardium

Question 6

branches of descending aorta (6)

Answer 6

oesophageal arteries
bronchial arteries
9 pairs of posterior intercostal arteries
subcostal arteries
superior phrenic arteries
pericardial arteries

Question 7

which intercostal spaces do the posterior intercostal arteries supply

Answer 7

3-11

Question 8

which arteries branch off from the subclavian arteries and descend lateral to the sternum

Answer 8

internal thoracic arteries

Question 9

what do internal thoracic arteries give rise to

Answer 9

anterior intercostal arteries

Question 10

where do internal thoracic arteries terminate

Answer 10

6th intercostal space

Question 11

what do the internal thoracic arteries split into

Answer 11

superior epigastric artery
musculophrenic artery

Question 12

when does the descending aorta become the abdominal aorta

Answer 12

after passing through aortic hiatus at T12

Question 13

which arteries first branch off from the abdominal aorta

Answer 13

inferior phrenic arteries

Question 14

what is the second artery to branch off from the abdominal aorta

Answer 14

coeliac trunk

Question 15

which arteries branch off from the abdominal aorta after the celiac trunk

Answer 15

left and right renal artery, superior mesenteric artery

Question 16

terminal branches of abdominal aorta? Where does it bifurcate?

Answer 16

common iliac arteries. bifurcates L4

Question 17

paired branches of abdominal aorta

Answer 17

middle suprarenal, renal, gonadal, inferior phrenic, lumbar arteries

Question 18

unpaired branches of abdominal aorta

Answer 18

coeliac, superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric, median sacral arteries

Question 19

what does the coeliac trunk supply (7)

Answer 19

foregut:
abdominal oesophagus
stomach
1st part of duodenum
spleen
pancreas
liver
gallbladder

Question 20

what does the superior mesenteric artery supply (6)

Answer 20

midgut:
distal duodenum
jejunum
ileum
caecum
ascending colon
half of transverse colon

Question 21

what does the inferior mesenteric artery supply (4)

Answer 21

hindgut:
half transverse colon
descending colon
sigmoid colon
superior portion of rectum

Question 22

what does the common iliac artery split into?

Answer 22

external and internal, internal splits into posterior and anterior division

Question 23

venous drainage in pelvis

Answer 23

internal and external iliac vein form common iliac vein

Question 24

venous system near heart

Answer 24

superior vena cava
inferior vena cava
coronary sinus

Question 25

what are the veins that unify jugular and subclavian veins, what do they drain, and what do they unite to form

Answer 25

brachiocephalic veins
drain head, neck, upper limbs
unite to form superior vena cava

Question 26

what does the azygos system drain? where does it drain into?

Answer 26

blood from the body wall, drains into superior vena cava

Question 27

what are the veins in the azygos system and which sides of the body are they

Answer 27

azygos vein - right
hemiazygos vein - left
accessory hemiazygos vein - left

Question 28

which 2 veins unite to form the azygos vein

Answer 28

right ascending lumbar (travels up lumbar vertebrae) and right subcostal vein

Question 29

between which vertebrae is the azygos vein

Answer 29

L1/2 and T4

Question 30

where does the hemiazygos vein arise from

Answer 30

left ascending lumbar vein, left subcostal vein

Question 31

where does the hemiazygos vein join the azygos vein

Answer 31

T9

Question 32

what does the accessory hemiazygos vein arise from

Answer 32

left posterior intercostal veins

Question 33

where does the accessory hemiazygos vein join the azygos vein

Answer 33

T8

Question 34

venous drainage of abdomen (8)

Answer 34

common, external and internal iliac
gonadal
inferior vena cava
renal
lumbar
inferior phrenic

Question 35

what is the function of the portal venous system

Answer 35

carries O2 poor / nutrient rich blood to liver from digestive tract (and gallbladder, pancreas, spleen)

Question 36

what veins are in the portal venous sytem

Answer 36

hepatic portal vein - divides into right and left portal veins

Question 37

what is the purpose of the portal system anastomoses

Answer 37

provide collateral circulation in case of obstruction to liver/portal vein

Question 38

purpose of lymphatic system

Answer 38

return excess fluid from capillaries to circulatory system

Question 39

what is lymph composed of (5)

Answer 39

water
proteins
glucose
lipids
lymphocytes

Question 40

passageway from interstitial fluid to venous system (5)

Answer 40

lymphatic capillaries
lymphatic vessels
lymph nodes
lymph trunks
lymph ducts

Question 41

7 groups (?) of lymph nodes

Answer 41

pericranial ring (base of head)
cervical nodes (along internal jugular vein)
axillary nodes
tracheal nodes
deep nodes
inguinal nodes
femoral nodes

Question 42

lymph nodes in base of head

Answer 42

pericranial ring

Question 43

what and where is the thoracic duct

Answer 43

lymph from most of the body travels through the thoracic duct to the venous system.
runs from L2 to the root of the neck in the posterior mediastinum

Question 44

what is the abdominal origin of the thoracic duct and what does this origin drain

Answer 44

cisterna chyli
drains abdominal viscera and walls, pelvis, perineum and lower limbs