Blood supply to the body regions Flashcards
4 sections of aorta
ascending
arch
descending/thoracic
abdominal
branches of ascending aorta
R and L coronary arteries
branches of arch of aorta
R and L subclavian arteries
R and L common carotid arteries
what do the R and L common carotid arteries supply
Head and neck
what is the descending aorta posterior to
L lung, pericardium
branches of descending aorta (6)
oesophageal arteries
bronchial arteries
9 pairs of posterior intercostal arteries
subcostal arteries
superior phrenic arteries
pericardial arteries
which intercostal spaces do the posterior intercostal arteries supply
3-11
which arteries branch off from the subclavian arteries and descend lateral to the sternum
internal thoracic arteries
what do internal thoracic arteries give rise to
anterior intercostal arteries
where do internal thoracic arteries terminate
6th intercostal space
what do the internal thoracic arteries split into
superior epigastric artery
musculophrenic artery
when does the descending aorta become the abdominal aorta
after passing through aortic hiatus at T12
which arteries first branch off from the abdominal aorta
inferior phrenic arteries
what is the second artery to branch off from the abdominal aorta
coeliac trunk
which arteries branch off from the abdominal aorta after the celiac trunk
left and right renal artery, superior mesenteric artery
terminal branches of abdominal aorta? Where does it bifurcate?
common iliac arteries. bifurcates L4
paired branches of abdominal aorta
middle suprarenal, renal, gonadal, inferior phrenic, lumbar arteries
unpaired branches of abdominal aorta
coeliac, superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric, median sacral arteries
what does the coeliac trunk supply (7)
foregut:
abdominal oesophagus
stomach
1st part of duodenum
spleen
pancreas
liver
gallbladder
what does the superior mesenteric artery supply (6)
midgut:
distal duodenum
jejunum
ileum
caecum
ascending colon
half of transverse colon
what does the inferior mesenteric artery supply (4)
hindgut:
half transverse colon
descending colon
sigmoid colon
superior portion of rectum
what does the common iliac artery split into?
external and internal, internal splits into posterior and anterior division
venous drainage in pelvis
internal and external iliac vein form common iliac vein
venous system near heart
superior vena cava
inferior vena cava
coronary sinus
what are the veins that unify jugular and subclavian veins, what do they drain, and what do they unite to form
brachiocephalic veins
drain head, neck, upper limbs
unite to form superior vena cava
what does the azygos system drain? where does it drain into?
blood from the body wall, drains into superior vena cava
what are the veins in the azygos system and which sides of the body are they
azygos vein - right
hemiazygos vein - left
accessory hemiazygos vein - left
which 2 veins unite to form the azygos vein
right ascending lumbar (travels up lumbar vertebrae) and right subcostal vein
between which vertebrae is the azygos vein
L1/2 and T4
where does the hemiazygos vein arise from
left ascending lumbar vein, left subcostal vein
where does the hemiazygos vein join the azygos vein
T9
what does the accessory hemiazygos vein arise from
left posterior intercostal veins
where does the accessory hemiazygos vein join the azygos vein
T8
venous drainage of abdomen (8)
common, external and internal iliac
gonadal
inferior vena cava
renal
lumbar
inferior phrenic
what is the function of the portal venous system
carries O2 poor / nutrient rich blood to liver from digestive tract (and gallbladder, pancreas, spleen)
what veins are in the portal venous sytem
hepatic portal vein - divides into right and left portal veins
what is the purpose of the portal system anastomoses
provide collateral circulation in case of obstruction to liver/portal vein
purpose of lymphatic system
return excess fluid from capillaries to circulatory system
what is lymph composed of (5)
water
proteins
glucose
lipids
lymphocytes
passageway from interstitial fluid to venous system (5)
lymphatic capillaries
lymphatic vessels
lymph nodes
lymph trunks
lymph ducts
7 groups (?) of lymph nodes
pericranial ring (base of head)
cervical nodes (along internal jugular vein)
axillary nodes
tracheal nodes
deep nodes
inguinal nodes
femoral nodes
lymph nodes in base of head
pericranial ring
what and where is the thoracic duct
lymph from most of the body travels through the thoracic duct to the venous system.
runs from L2 to the root of the neck in the posterior mediastinum
what is the abdominal origin of the thoracic duct and what does this origin drain
cisterna chyli
drains abdominal viscera and walls, pelvis, perineum and lower limbs
