Head and neck but better - bones (ty sameer) Flashcards
what is the cranium divided into? Which is which?
neurocranium - brain area
viscerocranium - facial area
bones in neurocranium?
frontal
occipital
parietal
sphenoid
temporal
features on frontal bone?
supraorbital ridge (top of eye socket)
supraorbital foramen
glabella (middle depression between supraorbital ridges)
zygomatic process
features on occipital bone?
superior and inferior nuchal lines
occipital tuberance (between nuchal lines)
foramen magnum
features on temporal bone?
mastoid process (inferolateral)
zygomatic process
external acoustic meatus (ear canal)
styloid process
what type of joints are sutures
fibrous
which suture is between the frontal and parietal bones
coronal suture
which suture is between the two parietal bones
sagittal suture
which suture is between the two parietal bones and the occipital bone
lambdoid suture
what is the area where the frontal parietal, temporal and sphenoid bones join?
why is this clinically relevant?
pterion
weak spot, middle meningeal artery runs behind it
bones in the viscerocranium?
nasal
maxilla
zygomatic
vomer
inferior nasal conchae
lacrimal
palatine
mandible
maxilla features
infraorbital foramen
superior alveolar process (where teeth arise)
zygomatic bones features
frontal, temporal and maxillary processes
which bone lies in the midline of the nasal septum
vomer
lacrimal bone features?
bilateral, sits on medial part of orbit.
palatine bone features?
bilateral, part of hard palate and divides cavities
mandible features?
condylar process (posterior)
coronoid process (anterior)
ramus
mental process
mental foramina
what sections form the cranial fossa
anterior, middle, posterior fossa
which lobes of the brain are primarily in each fossa
frontal in anterior
temporal in middle
occipital and cerebellum in posterior
how many cranial nerves are there?
12
what is found on the superior aspect of the ethmoid bone? which sits on top of this? Which nerves pass through?
cribriform plate
olfactory bulb
olfactory nerves
which foramen is most anterior in the sphenoid bone and what passes through it
optic foramen/canal
optic nerve and ophthalmic artery
what lies between the greater and lesser wings of the sphenoid bone? what passes through it?
superior orbital fissure
oculomotor nerve (C3)
trochlear nerve (C4)
ophthalmic nerve (branch of C5)
abducens nerve (C6)
what is the name for the small foramen in the sphenoid bone inferior to the superior orbital fissure? what passes through it?
foramen rotundum
Maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve (C5)
foramen posterior to foramen rotundum in the sphenoid bone? what passes through it?
foramen ovale
mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve (C5)
small foramen lateral to foramen ovale? What passes through this?
foramen spinosum
middle meningeal artery and vein
name for big hole in the temporal bone and what passes through it?
internal acoustic meatus
facial nerve (C7)
vestibulocochlear nerve (C8)
where is the opening for the facial nerve? what is its name?
in-between styloid process and mastoid process on temporal bone
stylomastoid foramen
which large foramen lies between the temporal and occipital bone? What passes through it?
jugular foramen
glossopharyngeal nerve (C9)
vagus nerve (C10)
spinal accessory nerve (C11)
internal jugular vein
which foramen in the occipital bone is found lateral to foramen magnum? what passes through it?
hypoglossal canal
hypoglossal nerve (C12)
what is the large central hole found in the occipital bone? what passes through it?
foramen magnum
spinal cord
meningeal branch of vertebral arteries
which foramen is filled with cartilage and where is it found?
foramen lacerum
Middle cranial fossa, between sphenoid temporal and occipital bones
