bones joints and muscles of pelvis Flashcards
4 bones of pelvis
left and right pelvic bones
sacrum
coccyx
3 components on pelvic bone
ilium, ischium, pubis
inside ‘bowl’ area on ilium
iliac fossa
top ridge on ilium
iliac crest
anterior line down middle of ilium
arcuate line
spines on ilium
anterior superior iliac spine - larger lump
anterior inferior iliac spine - smaller lump
posterior equivalents
surface on posterior side of ilium and feature
gluteal surface, gluteal lines
what feature of the ischium do we sit on
ischial tuberosity
sharp posterior prominence on ischium
ischial spine
feature on ischium connecting ischial tuberosity to pubis
ramus of ischium
feature on pubis that is part of acetabulum
superior ramus
feature on pubis connecting with ramus of ischium
inferior ramus
what passes through sciatic notch
sciatic nerve
what feature on pubis is a continuation of the acurate line
pectinial line
joints of pelvic girdle?
sacroiliac joint
pubic symphysis
lumbosacral
sacrococcygeal joint
joints of pelvic girdle?
sacroiliac joint
pubic symphysis
lumbosacral
sacrococcygeal joint
sacroiliac joint type
synovial
what ossifies with age
sacroiliac joint
ligaments around sacroiliac joint?
anterior and posterior sacroiliac ligament
deeper - interosseous sacroiliac ligament
pubic symphysis joint type and cartilage?
Secondary cartilaginous, hyaline
pubic symphysis ligaments
superior pubic ligament
inferior pubic ligament
which ligament extends from the posterior sacrum to the ischial tuberosity
sacrotuberous ligament
which ligament extends from the anterior sacrum to ischial spine
sacrospinous ligament
what forms the pelvic inlet
sacral promontory
margin of alae
arcuate line
pectineal line
what forms the pelvic outlet
tip of coccyx
sacrotuberous ligament
ischial tuberosity
ischiopubic ramus
how to orientate pelvis
asis (anterior superior iliac spine) vertical to pubic tubercle
where is the true pelvis between and what is the ‘fake pelvis’
true pelvis between pelvic inlet and outlet. fake pelvis is abdomen.
which surface landmark on the pelvis can only be found sitting down
ischial tuberosity
what is the perineum divided into
urogenital triangle and anal triangle
what is in the centre between the two parts of the perineum
perineal body
which palpable landmarks are points in the perineum triangle
urogenital - pubic symphysis, ischial tuberosities
anal - coccyx, ischial tuberosities
name of ‘release of urine’ muscles
micturition
name of ‘release of faeces’ muscles
defacation
name of ‘release of children’ muscles
parturition
what are pelvic muscles attached to and what do they support
attached to pelvic outlet, support pelvic viscera
layers of pelvic muscles from deep to superficial
pelvic diaphragm (deepest)
deep perineal
superficial perineal (most superficial)
pelvic diaphragm vs pelvic floor
diaphragm - layer of muscles
floor - group of all muscles that hold structures in pelvis
pelvic diaphragm muscles
levator ani
coccygeus
what does the pelvic diaphragm muscles fill the entirety of
pelvic outlet
what do the deep perineal muscles fill
urogenital triangle
2 deep perineal muscles - male
external urethral sphincter (surrounds urethral opening)
deep transverse perineal (attached to perineal body)
4 deep perineal muscles - female
external urethral sphincter
deep transverse perineal
compressor urethra (parallel to deep TV perineal)
sphincter urethrovaginalis - surrounds urethral and vaginal openings
3 superficial perineal muscles - male
bulbospongiosus - overlies bulb of penis
ishiocavernosus - attached to ischial spine
superficial transverse perineal - attached to perineal body, overlies deep version
