LIT 3 - Staaij Men like us, boys like them Flashcards
What is the central focus of Staaij, men like us, boys like them
This article explores how the rewards and punishments associated with violence change across the stages of gang membership. It examines the role of violence in a gang member’s decision to join, remain in, and ultimately leave the gang.
What theoretical framework underpins this study of staaij?
The study uses social learning theory as its framework, specifically focusing on the concept of differential reinforcement. This theory posits that individuals are more likely to engage in behaviours that are rewarded and less likely to continue behaviours that are punished.
What are the key stages of gang membership examined in this study? Staaij
The study examines four key stages:
o The decision to join the gang.
o Violence at gang joining (initiation).
o Violence during active membership.
o The role of violence in the decision to leave the gang.
What is a key motivation for joining a gang, according to Staaij’s article?
Protection is cited as one of the most common motivations for joining a gang. Youth often experience or witness violence before joining and perceive the gang as a way to gain safety and security.
How does violence manifest itself at the gang joining stage?Staaij
While most youth in the study joined through a gradual process, some experienced or witnessed violent initiations. This violence, whether directly experienced or observed, can serve as a demonstration of the physical prowess and respect associated with gang membership.
What are the two main types of violence experienced during active gang membership?
The two main types are inter-gang violence and intra-gang violence.
o Inter-gang violence involves conflicts and fights with rival gangs.
o Intra-gang violence encompasses various conflicts within the gang, such as disputes over disrespect, romantic relationships, or violations of gang rules.
How do perceptions of violence change over time for gang members?Staaij
Initially, violence might be seen as a bonding experience and a way to gain status within the gang. However, as gang members experience more violence, both as perpetrators and victims, they may begin to view it as a punishment rather than a reward. They might experience violence fatigue, become disillusioned with the gang’s ability to protect them, and recognize the escalating risks of continued membership.
How does the gang’s role in protection change as a youth’s gang membership progresses? Staaij
Initially, the promise of protection is a major draw for youth seeking to join a gang. However, as members experience both inter-gang and intra-gang violence, the perceived protective function of the gang often weakens. Experiencing violence, or witnessing fellow gang members being victimised, can lead to the realization that the gang is not providing the safety it promised.
