linezolid Flashcards
safety info - optic neuropathy
severe optic neuropathy can rarely occur, esp if used for more than 28 days
- report signs of visual impairment immediately
- pt experiencing new visual symptoms (regardless of treatment duration) need to be evaluated promptly and be referred to ophthalmologist if necessary
- monitor visual function regularly if treatment needed for more than 28 days
what is its activity
NARROW SPECTRUM
active against gram positive including mRSA
and glycopeptide resistant enterococci
safety info - blood disorders
- monitor FBC weekly
- close monitoring recommended in pt who take treatment for more than 10-14 days, pre-existing myelosupresion, taking other drugs that have adverse effects on Hb, blood counts or platelet, and have severe RI
- stop treatment if significant myelosuppresion
monitoring requirements
- FBC weekly
- regularly monitor visual function if treatment needed of more than 28 days
food and lifestyle interactions
avoid consuming large amounts of tyramine rich foods
tyramine rich foods e.g.
mature cheese
salami
pickled herring
Bovril
Oxo
Marmite
any similar meat or yeast extract or fermented soya bean extract
some beers, lagers or wine
main interactions with linezolid will cause (3)
- increased risk of serotonin syndrome
- increased risk of hypertensive crisis
- increased risk of elevated blood pressure
linezolid interactions with adrenaline, buspirone, formoterol, levodopa, methylphenidate, noradrenaline, phenylephrine, pseudoephedrine, salbutamol, salmeterol, terbatuline
these drugs are predicted to increase the risk of elevated BP when given with linezolid. avoid
a patient is admitted to hospital and the consultant wants to initiate them on linezolid for a diabetic foot infection. these are the medications she regularly takes: metformin, gliclazide, ramipril, indapamide, fostair 100/6 inhaler (formoterol, budesonide). is this appropriate
avoid because severe interaction with formoterol - predicted to elevated BP when given together. avoid
severe optic neuropathy may occur rarely, particularly if it is taken for longer than
28 days
linezolid interactions with almotriptan, bupropion, citalopram, clomipramine, duloxetine, dexamfetamine, escitalopram, fentanyl, fluoxetine, imipramine, ondansetron, isocarboxazid, lithium, methadone, rasagiline, selegiline, rizatriptan, trancylpromine, tramadol
both these drugs can increase the risk of serotonin syndrome.
is linezolid a seratonergic drug
yes
this drug class is predicted to increase the risk of adverse effects when given with linezolid. avoid and for 14 days after stopping linezolid.
MAOI
isocarboxazid, moclobemide, phenelzine, rasagiline, selegiline, trancylpromine and linzeolid
MAOI
these drug are predicted to increase the risk of adverse effects when given with linezolid.
avoid and for 14 days after stopping
unless close observation and BP monitoring is possible, linezolid should be avoided in…
uncontrolled hypertension
phaeochromocytoma
carcinoid tumour
tyrotoxicosis
bipolar depression
schizophrenia
acute confusional states
