Limbs, Muscular Compartments, Arterial Supply, Venous Drainage, Lymphatics & Nerve Supply Flashcards
List the compartments of the arm.
1 - Anterior compartment.
2 - Posterior compartment.
List the compartments of the forearm.
1 - Anterior compartment.
2 - Posterior compartment.
List the compartments of the thigh.
1 - Anterior compartment.
2 - Posterior compartment.
3 - Medial compartment.
List the compartments of the leg.
1 - Anterior compartment.
2 - Posterior compartment.
3 - Lateral compartment.
Which nerve supplies the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm?
Give the nerve root of this nerve.
The musculocutaneous nerve (roots C5-C7).
Which artery supplies blood to the anterior compartment of the arm?
The brachial artery.
List the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm.
1 - Biceps brachii.
2 - Brachialis.
3 - Brachioradialis.
4 - Coracobrachialis.
Which nerve supplies the muscles of the posterior compartment of the arm?
Give the nerve root of this nerve.
The radial nerve (roots C5-T1).
Which artery supplies blood to the posterior compartment of the arm?
The profunda brachii artery.
Name the musce of the posterior compartment of the arm.
Triceps brachii.
What is the name of the fascia that separates the muscular compartments of the forearm?
Interosseus membrane.
What separates muscles within the compartments of the thigh and forearm?
Intermuscular septa.
How are the compartments of the forearm segmented?
- Into superficial and deep muscle layers.
- The anterior compartment also has an intermediate muscle layer.
List 3 actions of muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm.
1 - Flexion at the wrist.
2 - Flexion of the fingers.
3 - Pronation.
List the muscles of the superficial anterior compartment of the forearm.
1 - Pronator teres.
2 - Flexor carpi radialis.
3 - Flexor carpi ulnaris.
4 - Palmaris longus.
List the actions of the superficial anterior compartment of the forearm.
Flexion and adduction at the wrist and pronation.
Name the muscle of the intermediate anterior compartment of the forearm.
Flexor digitorum superficialis.
What is the action of the flexor digitorum superficialis?
Flexion of the phalanges and wrist.
List the muscles of the deep anterior compartment of the forearm.
1 - Flexor digitorum profundus.
2 - Flexor pollicis longus.
3 - Pronator quadratus.
List the actions of the deep anterior compartment of the forearm.
Flexion of the phalanges and wrist.
List the muscles of the superficial posterior compartment of the forearm.
1 - Brachioradialis.
2 - Extensor carpi radialis longus.
3 - Extensor carpi radialis brevis.
4 - Extensor carpi ulnaris.
5 - Anconeus.
List the actions of the muscles of the superficial posterior compartment of the forearm.
Extension of the phalanges and wrist.
List the muscles of the deep posterior compartment of the forearm.
1 - Supinator.
2 - Abductor pollicis longus.
3 - Extensor pollicis longus.
4 - Extensor pollicis brevis.
5 - Extensor indicis proprius.
List the actions of the deep posterior compartment of the forearm.
1 - Supination.
2 - Extension of the phalanges.
Describe the innervation of the forearm.
- The anterior compartment is innervated by the median and ulnar nerves.
- The posterior compartment is innervated by the radial nerve.
List the major arteries of the upper limb in order from proximal to distal.
1 - Subclavian.
2 - Axillary.
3 - Brachial.
4 - Radial.
5 - Ulnar.
6 - Palmar arches.
Where does the subclavian artery terminate?
At the lateral border of the first rib.
Where does the axillary artery terminate?
At the lower border of teres minor.
Where does the brachial artery terminate?
At the tuberosity of the radius.
Where do the radial and ulnar arteries terminate?
At distal ends of the radius / ulna.
List the two major veins of the upper limb.
1 - Cephalic vein (lateral).
2 - Basilic vein (medial).
Which vein joins the cephalic and basilic veins?
The median cubital vein.
Which nerves innervate the hand?
The median and ulnar nerve.
List the connective tissue layers of the thigh.
1 - Skin.
2 - Superficial fascia.
3 - Deep fascia (fascia lata).
4 - Medial, lateral and posterior intermuscular septa.
What is the function of the anterior compartment of the thigh?
What are the muscles of this compartment known as?
- To extend the knee and flex the hip.
- Quadriceps.
What is the function of the posterior compartment of the thigh?
What are the muscles of this compartment known as?
- To flex the knee and extend the hip.
- Hamstrings.
What is the function of the medial compartment of the thigh?
To adduct the hip.
Which nerve supplies the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh?
Give the nerve root of this nerve.
The femoral nerve (roots L2-4).
Which nerve supplies the muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh?
Give the nerve root of this nerve.
The obturator nerve (roots L2-4).
Which nerve supplies the muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh?
Give the nerve root of this nerve.
The sciatic nerve (roots L4-S3).
Which artery supplies blood to the anterior compartment of the thigh?
The femoral artery.
Which artery supplies blood to the posterior compartment of the thigh?
The obturator artery.
Which artery supplies blood to the medial compartment of the thigh?
Profunda femoris.
List the fascial layers that separate the leg into its compartments.
1 - The deep fascia that is continuous with the deep fascia of the thigh.
2 - The interosseus membrane.
How is the posterior compartment of the leg segmented?
What are the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg known as?
- Into superficial and deep groups.
- Known as the calf muscles.
List the muscles of the superficial posterior compartment of the leg.
What are these muscles collectively known as?
1 - Gastrocnemius.
2 - Soleus.
3 - Plantaris.
- Known collectively as the triceps surae.
What is the common tendon of insertion of triceps surae?
The achilles tendon.
What is the main action of the muscles of the superficial posterior compartment of the leg?
Plantar flexion.
List the muscles of the deep posterior compartment of the leg.
1 - Popliteus.
2 - Flexor hallucis longus.
3 - Tibialis posterior.
4 - Flexor digitorum longus.
Which nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the leg?
Give the root of this nerve.
The tibial nerve (roots L4-S3).
What are the main actions of the muscles of the deep posterior compartment of the leg?
Plantar flexion and flexion of the toes.
