Limbs, Muscular Compartments, Arterial Supply, Venous Drainage, Lymphatics & Nerve Supply

Question 1

List the compartments of the arm.

Answer 1

1 - Anterior compartment.

2 - Posterior compartment.

Question 2

List the compartments of the forearm.

Answer 2

1 - Anterior compartment.

2 - Posterior compartment.

Question 3

List the compartments of the thigh.

Answer 3

1 - Anterior compartment.

2 - Posterior compartment.

3 - Medial compartment.

Question 4

List the compartments of the leg.

Answer 4

1 - Anterior compartment.

2 - Posterior compartment.

3 - Lateral compartment.

Question 5

Which nerve supplies the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm?

Give the nerve root of this nerve.

Answer 5

The musculocutaneous nerve (roots C5-C7).

Question 6

Which artery supplies blood to the anterior compartment of the arm?

Answer 6

The brachial artery.

Question 7

List the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm.

Answer 7

1 - Biceps brachii.

2 - Brachialis.

3 - Brachioradialis.

4 - Coracobrachialis.

Question 8

Which nerve supplies the muscles of the posterior compartment of the arm?

Give the nerve root of this nerve.

Answer 8

The radial nerve (roots C5-T1).

Question 9

Which artery supplies blood to the posterior compartment of the arm?

Answer 9

The profunda brachii artery.

Question 10

Name the musce of the posterior compartment of the arm.

Answer 10

Triceps brachii.

Question 11

What is the name of the fascia that separates the muscular compartments of the forearm?

Answer 11

Interosseus membrane.

Question 12

What separates muscles within the compartments of the thigh and forearm?

Answer 12

Intermuscular septa.

Question 13

How are the compartments of the forearm segmented?

Answer 13

• Into superficial and deep muscle layers.

- The anterior compartment also has an intermediate muscle layer.

Question 14

List 3 actions of muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm.

Answer 14

1 - Flexion at the wrist.

2 - Flexion of the fingers.

3 - Pronation.

Question 15

List the muscles of the superficial anterior compartment of the forearm.

Answer 15

1 - Pronator teres.

2 - Flexor carpi radialis.

3 - Flexor carpi ulnaris.

4 - Palmaris longus.

Question 16

List the actions of the superficial anterior compartment of the forearm.

Answer 16

Flexion and adduction at the wrist and pronation.

Question 17

Name the muscle of the intermediate anterior compartment of the forearm.

Answer 17

Flexor digitorum superficialis.

Question 18

What is the action of the flexor digitorum superficialis?

Answer 18

Flexion of the phalanges and wrist.

Question 19

List the muscles of the deep anterior compartment of the forearm.

Answer 19

1 - Flexor digitorum profundus.

2 - Flexor pollicis longus.

3 - Pronator quadratus.

Question 20

List the actions of the deep anterior compartment of the forearm.

Answer 20

Flexion of the phalanges and wrist.

Question 21

List the muscles of the superficial posterior compartment of the forearm.

Answer 21

1 - Brachioradialis.

2 - Extensor carpi radialis longus.

3 - Extensor carpi radialis brevis.

4 - Extensor carpi ulnaris.

5 - Anconeus.

Question 22

List the actions of the muscles of the superficial posterior compartment of the forearm.

Answer 22

Extension of the phalanges and wrist.

Question 23

List the muscles of the deep posterior compartment of the forearm.

Answer 23

1 - Supinator.

2 - Abductor pollicis longus.

3 - Extensor pollicis longus.

4 - Extensor pollicis brevis.

5 - Extensor indicis proprius.

Question 24

List the actions of the deep posterior compartment of the forearm.

Answer 24

1 - Supination.

2 - Extension of the phalanges.

Question 25

Describe the innervation of the forearm.

Answer 25

- The anterior compartment is innervated by the median and ulnar nerves. - The posterior compartment is innervated by the radial nerve.

Question 26

List the major arteries of the upper limb in order from proximal to distal.

Answer 26

1 - Subclavian. 2 - Axillary. 3 - Brachial. 4 - Radial. 5 - Ulnar. 6 - Palmar arches.

Question 27

Where does the subclavian artery terminate?

Answer 27

At the lateral border of the first rib.

Question 28

Where does the axillary artery terminate?

Answer 28

At the lower border of teres minor.

Question 29

Where does the brachial artery terminate?

Answer 29

At the tuberosity of the radius.

Question 30

Where do the radial and ulnar arteries terminate?

Answer 30

At distal ends of the radius / ulna.

Question 31

List the two major veins of the upper limb.

Answer 31

1 - Cephalic vein (lateral). 2 - Basilic vein (medial).

Question 32

Which vein joins the cephalic and basilic veins?

Answer 32

The median cubital vein.

Question 33

Which nerves innervate the hand?

Answer 33

The median and ulnar nerve.

Question 34

List the connective tissue layers of the thigh.

Answer 34

1 - Skin. 2 - Superficial fascia. 3 - Deep fascia (fascia lata). 4 - Medial, lateral and posterior intermuscular septa.

Question 35

What is the function of the anterior compartment of the thigh? What are the muscles of this compartment known as?

Answer 35

- To extend the knee and flex the hip. | - Quadriceps.

Question 36

What is the function of the posterior compartment of the thigh? What are the muscles of this compartment known as?

Answer 36

- To flex the knee and extend the hip. | - Hamstrings.

Question 37

What is the function of the medial compartment of the thigh?

Answer 37

To adduct the hip.

Question 38

Which nerve supplies the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh? Give the nerve root of this nerve.

Answer 38

The femoral nerve (roots L2-4).

Question 39

Which nerve supplies the muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh? Give the nerve root of this nerve.

Answer 39

The obturator nerve (roots L2-4).

Question 40

Which nerve supplies the muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh? Give the nerve root of this nerve.

Answer 40

The sciatic nerve (roots L4-S3).

Question 41

Which artery supplies blood to the anterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 41

The femoral artery.

Question 42

Which artery supplies blood to the posterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 42

The obturator artery.

Question 43

Which artery supplies blood to the medial compartment of the thigh?

Answer 43

Profunda femoris.

Question 44

List the fascial layers that separate the leg into its compartments.

Answer 44

1 - The deep fascia that is continuous with the deep fascia of the thigh. 2 - The interosseus membrane.

Question 45

How is the posterior compartment of the leg segmented? What are the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg known as?

Answer 45

- Into superficial and deep groups. | - Known as the calf muscles.

Question 46

List the muscles of the superficial posterior compartment of the leg. What are these muscles collectively known as?

Answer 46

1 - Gastrocnemius. 2 - Soleus. 3 - Plantaris. - Known collectively as the triceps surae.

Question 47

What is the common tendon of insertion of triceps surae?

Answer 47

The achilles tendon.

Question 48

What is the main action of the muscles of the superficial posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 48

Plantar flexion.

Question 49

List the muscles of the deep posterior compartment of the leg.

Answer 49

1 - Popliteus. 2 - Flexor hallucis longus. 3 - Tibialis posterior. 4 - Flexor digitorum longus.

Question 50

Which nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the leg? Give the root of this nerve.

Answer 50

The tibial nerve (roots L4-S3).

Question 51

What are the main actions of the muscles of the deep posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 51

Plantar flexion and flexion of the toes.