Lesson 8 Flashcards
More irregular present tense verbs, with focus on the common verbs HACER ("to do/make"), DECIR ("to say"), VENIR ("to come"), and OIR ("to hear")
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to do, to make
hacer
to do, to make - hacer. Hacer is a very common irregular verb
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I make something to eat every morning
Hago (algo) de comer cada mañana
I do/make - hago
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I do my homework every day
Hago mi tarea todos los días
homework - la tarea
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Do you make your own lunch?
¿Haces tu propio almuerzo?
you do/make - haces
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Maritza does not do her homework every day
Maritza no hace su tarea todos los días
he/she does/makes - hace
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David and I make lunch
David y yo hacemos el almuerzo
we do/make - hacemos
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Do you (vosotros) do your math homework upstairs?
¿Hacéis vuestra tarea de matemáticas arriba?
you (vosotros) do, make - hacéis
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Maricarmen and Sebastián, do you do your homework every day?
Maricarmen y Sebastián, ¿hacen su tarea todos los días?
you (uds) do/make - hacen
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His sisters make lunch at home
Sus hermanas hacen el almuerzo en casa
they do/make - hacen
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Are you (uds) doing your homework?
¿Están haciendo su tarea?
doing/making - haciendo
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TO DO, TO MAKE
- I do
- You do
- He/She does
- We do
- You do
- They do
HACER
- Yo hago
- Tú haces
- Él/Ella/Ud hace
- Nosotros hacemos
- Vosotros hacéis
- Ellos/Ellas/Uds hacen
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I am doing my homework, and I have a lot of questions
Estoy haciendo mi tarea, y tengo muchas preguntas
question - la pregunta
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Are you going to do your homework now?
¿Ya vas a hacer tu tarea?
already, now - ya. Note that ya has several other meanings besides the most common translations shown here
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I’m not going to ask
Yo no voy a preguntar
to ask - preguntar
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Do you always ask so many questions?
¿Siempre haces tantas preguntas?
to ask a question - hacer una pregunta, preguntar
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My aunt is crazy
Mi tía está loca
crazy - loco. Note that loco usually takes the verb estar
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I put my shoes on the table that is next to your room
Pongo mis zapatos encima de la mesa que está al lado de tu cuarto
to put, to place - poner. Follows a similar base change pattern as hacer (adds a g in the first person singular)
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When I go out, I close the door to the house
Cuando salgo, cierro la puerta de la casa
to leave, to go out - salir. Follows a similar base change pattern as hacer (adds a g in the first person singular)
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to come
venir
to come - venir. Follows the a similar base change pattern as hacer
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I come from Spain
Vengo de España
I come - vengo. Note that it is more common to say Soy de España (“I am from Spain”), but here we are using “come” to help illustrate the uncommon present tense of the verb venir.
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Where do you come from?
I come from the United States
¿De dónde vienes?
Vengo de los Estados Unidos
you come - vienes
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Where are you coming from?
I am coming from my house
¿De dónde vienes?
Vengo de mi casa
I am coming from - vengo de. Note that in Spanish, in order to convey where you are coming from, you do not need to use the present progressive, only the present tense (i.e. vengo de not *estoy viniendo de*)
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Mateo comes from the United States. And you, where do you come from?
Mateo viene de los Estados Unidos. Y tú, ¿de dónde vienes?
he/she comes - viene
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We are coming from our grandmother’s house
Venimos de la casa de nuestra abuela
we come - venimos
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Where do you (vosotros) come from?
¿De dónde venís (vosotros)?
you (vosotros) come - venís
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You (uds) do not come from Mexico
Ustedes no vienen de México
you (uds) come - vienen
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Manuel and Alexa come from school
Manuel y Alexa vienen de la escuela
they come - vienen
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TO COME
- I come
- You come
- He/She comes
- We come
- You come
- They come
VENIR
- Yo vengo
- Tú vienes
- Él/Ella/Ud viene
- Nosotros venimos
- Vosotros venís
- Ellos/Ellas/Uds vienen
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to say
decir
to say - decir. Follows a similar base change pattern as hacer
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At night, I say crazy things
Por la noche, digo cosas locas
I say - digo
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What are you saying?
¿Qué dices?
you say - dices. Note that while in English, we use the progressive tense “What are you saying?”, in Spanish it is more common to just say ¿Qué dices?
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He does not say that he is an art student; he says that he is a math student
Él no dice que es estudiante de arte; __dice___ _que es estudiante de matemáticas
he/she says - dice
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We say the same thing every day
Decimos lo mismo todos los días
we say - decimos
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You (uds) say that I am not Marta’s cousin, but I am her cousin!
Ustedes dicen que yo no soy primo de Marta, ¡pero sí soy su primo!
you (uds) say - dicen
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Why do they want to go to school?
¿Por qué quieren ir al colegio?
why? - ¿por qué?
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Carla and Patricia do not say that they go to this university. Why do you say that they are students here?
Carla y Patricia no dicen que van a esta universidad. ¿Por qué dices tú que ellas son estudiantes aquí?
they say - dicen
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TO SAY
- I say
- You say
- He/She says
- We say
- You say
- They say
DECIR
- Yo digo
- Tú dices
- Él/Ella/Ud dice
- Nosotros decimos
- Vosotros decís
- Ellos/Ellas/Uds dicen
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to hear
oír
to hear - oír. Note that oír is another irregular verb that not only changes its stem from -i to -g in the first person (oigo), but also changes stem from -i to -y (e.g. “he hears” - él oye)
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I don’t want anything!
¡No quiero nada!
nothing, anything - nada. Note that in Spanish, “double negatives” are not only allowed but required
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I do not hear anything
No oigo nada
I hear - oigo
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I hear a noise that comes from his room
Oigo un ruido que viene de su cuarto
noise, sound - el ruido
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When I go out on the street, I hear some very noisy kids
Cuando salgo a la calle, oigo unos niños muy ruidosos
noisy - ruidoso
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Do you hear when I speak?
¿Oyes cuando hablo?
you hear - oyes
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Do you hear that noise?
¿Oyes ese ruido?
that - ese, esa, eso. Note that eso is the neuter version of “that” used in generalized situations and does not need to be followed by a noun. (e.g. “Do you hear that?” - Oyes eso?)
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Manuel doesn’t hear us when we say that he is handsome
Manuel no nos oye cuando decimos que es guapo
he/she hears - oye
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When everyone in the class is talking, we do not hear when the teacher talks
Cuando todos en la clase están hablando, no oímos cuando el maestro habla
we hear - oímos
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Do you (vosotros) not hear the same noise as us?
¿Vosotros no oís el mismo ruido que nosotros?
you (vosotros) hear - oís
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Juan, Marcos, and Pamela, do you hear that?
Juan, Marcos, y Pamela, ¿oyen eso?
you (uds) hear - oyen
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Do you think that they hear the noises?
¿Piensas que ellos oyen los ruidos?
they hear - oyen
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TO HEAR
- I hear
- You hear
- He/She hears
- We hear
- You hear
- They hear
OÍR
- Yo oigo
- Tú oyes
- Él/Ella/Ud oye
- Nosotros oímos
- Vosotros oís
- Ellos/Ellas/Uds oyen
