Lesson 5.1 - Photosynthesis: An Introduction Flashcards
Define Photoautotroph
An organism that makes its own food using energy from the Sun.
What is an organism that makes its own food using energy from the Sun known as?
Photoautotroph
Define Light-Dependent Reactions
The first stage of photosynthesis, during which water molecules are split as light energy is absorbed and transformed into chemical energy in ATP and NADPH.
What is the first stage of photosynthesis, during which water molecules are split as light energy is absorbed and transformed into chemical energy in ATP and NADPH known as?
Light-Dependent Reactions
Define Calvin Cycle
The second stage of the photosynthesis process that uses ATP and NADPH to conver CO2 into sugars.
What is the second stage of the photosynthesis process that uses ATP and NADPH to conver CO2 into sugars known as?
Calvin Cycle
Define Primary Electron Acceptor
A molecule capable of accepting electrons and becoming reduced during photosynthesis.
What is a molecule capable of accepting electrons and becoming reduced during photosynthesis known as?
Primary Electron Acceptor
Define Antenna Complex
A cluster of light-absorbing pigments embedded in the thylakoid membrane able to capture and transfer energy to special chlorophyll a molecules in the reaction centre.
What is a cluster of light-absorbing pigments embedded in the thylakoid membrane able to capture and transfer energy to special chlorophyll a molecules in the reaction centre known as?
Antenna Complex
Define Reaction Centre
A complex of proteins and pigments that contain the primary electron acceptor.
What is a complex of proteins and pigments that contain the primary electron acceptor known as?
Reaction Centre
Define Absorption Spectrum
A plot of the amount of light energy of various wavelengths that a substance absorbs.
What is a plot of the amount of light energy of various wavelengths that a substance absorbs known as?
Absorption Spectrum
Define Action Spectrum
A plot of the effectiveness of light energy of different wavelengths in driving a chemical process.
A plot of the effectiveness of light energy of different wavelengths in driving a chemical process known as?
Action Spectrum
Define Photosystem I
A collection of pigment proteins that includes chlorophyll a and absorbs light at the 700 nm wavelength.
What is a collection of pigment proteins that includes chlorophyll a and absorbs light at the 700 nm wavelength known as?
Photosystem I
Define Photosystem II
A collection of pigment proteins that includes chlorophyll a and absorbs light at the 680 nm wavelength.
What is a collection of pigment proteins that includes chlorophyll a and absorbs light at the 680 nm wavelength known as?
Photosystem II
Producers use _____ to convert light energy into chemical energy, which is then stored and used to assemble energy-rich organic molecules that are used by producers and consumers.
Producers use photosynthesis to convert light energy into chemical energy, which is then stored and used to assemble energy-rich organic molecules that are used by producers and consumers.
Photosynthesis has two stages—the _____-dependent reactions, and the _____-independent reactions (the _____ cycle).
Photosynthesis has two stages—the light-dependent reactions, and the light-independent reactions (the Calvin cycle).
The light-dependent reactions take place in the _____ membranes of the chloroplasts. Energy captured during the light-dependent reactions is used to synthesis _____ and _____.
The light-dependent reactions take place in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts. Energy captured during the light-dependent reactions is used to synthesis NADPH and ATP.
The Calvin cycle takes place in the _____ of the chloroplasts. It uses NADPH and ATP to convert _____ into simple carbohydrates.
The Calvin cycle takes place in the stroma of the chloroplasts. It uses NADPH and ATP to convert carbon dioxide into simple carbohydrates.
Chlorophylls, carotenoids, and other pigments absorb _____ energy during photosynthesis. Different pigments absorb light of different _____, as shown by their absorption spectra. Light that is not absorbed is reflected. This reflected light gives pigments their _____.
Chlorophylls, carotenoids, and other pigments absorb light energy during photosynthesis. Different pigments absorb light of different wavelengths, as shown by their absorption spectra. Light that is not absorbed is reflected. This reflected light gives pigments their colour.
The action spectrum of photosynthesis in green plants is highest in the _____ and _____ regions of the spectrum.
The action spectrum of photosynthesis in green plants is highest in the red and blue regions of the spectrum.
Pigments, including chlorophylls and carotenoids, are organized into two type of photosystems: _____ and _____. Each photosystem contains a reaction centre surrounded by an _____ that helps capture photons of light energy and energize electrons.
Pigments, including chlorophylls and carotenoids, are organized into two type of photosystems: photosystem I and photosystem II. Each photosystem contains a reaction centre surrounded by an antenna complex that helps capture photons of light energy and energize electrons.
