Lesson 3.4 - Food as Fuel

Question 1

Define Dehydrogenase

Answer 1

An enzyme that oxidizes a substrate and transfers hydrogen ions to an acceptor.

Question 2

What is an enzyme that oxidizes a substrate and transfers hydrogen ions to an acceptor known as?

Answer 2

Dehydrogenase

Question 3

Define NADH

Answer 3

The reduced form of the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.

Question 4

What is the reduced form of the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide known as?

Answer 4

NADH

Question 5

Molecules with a large number of _____-_____ bonds are high-energy molecules. Fat molecules have many _____-_____ bonds and are a high-energy food source.

Answer 5

Molecules with a large number of C (carbon)-H (hydrogen) bonds are high-energy molecules. Fat molecules have many C (carbon)-H (hydrogen) bonds and are a high-energy food source.

Question 6

Oxidation refers to the loss of _____, and reduction refers to the gain of _____.

Answer 6

Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons, and reduction refers to the gain of electrons.

Question 7

Potential energy that is stored in food molecules is released during _____ reactions.

Answer 7

Potential energy that is stored in food molecules is released during oxidation reactions.

Question 8

_____ oxidation reactions lead to a rapid loss of energy in the form of waste thermal energy. _____ oxidation reactions involve many steps. There is less waste energy because more released energy can be captured effectively.

Answer 8

Rapid oxidation reactions lead to a rapid loss of energy in the form of waste thermal energy. Controlled oxidation reactions involve many steps. There is less waste energy because more released energy can be captured effectively.

Question 9

During many cellular redox reactions, _____ facilitate the transfer of electrons from food to energy-carrier molecules

Answer 9

During many cellular redox reactions, dehydrogenases facilitate the transfer of electrons from food to energy-carrier molecules.

Question 10

NAD⁺ is a common high-energy electron carrier molecule in cellular processes, which is reduced to the form _____. _____ provides a source of energy to drive ATP synthesis.

Answer 10

NAD⁺ is a common high-energy electron carrier molecule in cellular processes, which is reduced to the form NADH. NADH provides a source of energy to drive ATP synthesis.