Lesson 4.1 - Introduction to Cellular Respiration and Fermentation Flashcards

1
Q

Define Aerobic Cellular Respiration

A

A process that uses oxygen to harvest energy from organic compounds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a process that uses oxygen to harvest energy from organic compounds known as?

A

Aerobic Cellular Respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define Obligate Aerobe

A

An organism that cannot live without oxygen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is an organism that cannot live without oxygen known as?

A

Obligate Aerobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define Substrate-Level Phosphorylation

A

The formation of ATP by the direct transfer of a phosphate group from a substrate to ADP.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the formation of ATP by the direct transfer of a phosphate group from a substrate to ADP known as?

A

Substrate-Level Phosphorylation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define Oxidative Phosphorylation

A

A process that forms ATP using energy transferred indirectly from a series of redox reactions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a process that forms ATP using energy transferred indirectly from a series of redox reactions known as?

A

Oxidative Phosphorylation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define Glycolysis

A

A series of reactions in which a glucose molecule is broken into two pyruvate molecules and energy is released.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a series of reactions in which a glucose molecule is broken into two pyruvate molecules and energy is released known as?

A

Glycolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define Pyruvate Oxidation

A

A reaction in which pyruvate is oxidized by NAD+ and CO2 is removed, forming an acetyl group and releasing NADH.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a reaction in which pyruvate is oxidized by NAD+ and CO2 is removed, forming an acetyl group and releasing NADH known as?

A

Pyruvate Oxidation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define Citric Acid Cycle

A

A cyclic series of reactions that transfers energy from organic molecules to ATP, NADH, and FADH2 and releases carbon atoms as CO2.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a cyclic series of reactions that transfers energy from organic molecules to ATP, NADH, and FADH2 and releases carbon atoms as CO2​ known as?

A

Citric Acid Cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define Anaerobic Respiration

A

A process that uses a final inorganic oxidizing agent, other than oxygen, to produce energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a process that uses a final inorganic oxidizing agent, other than oxygen, to produce energy known as?

A

Anaerobic Respiration

17
Q

Define Fermentation

A

A process that uses an organic compound as the final oxidizing agent to produce energy.

18
Q

What is a process that uses an organic compound as the final oxidizing agent to produce energy known as?

A

Fermentation

19
Q

Define Obligate Anaerobe

A

An organism that cannot survive in the presence of oxygen.

20
Q

What is an organism that cannot survive in the presence of oxygen known as?

A

Obligate Anaerobe

21
Q

Define Facultative Anaerobe

A

An organism that can live with or without oxygen.

22
Q

What is an organism that can live with or without oxygen known as?

A

Facultative Anaerobe

23
Q

There are three main types of energy pathways: _____ respiration, _____ respiration, and _____. They all produce ATP.

A

There are three main types of energy pathways: aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, and fermentation. They all produce ATP.

24
Q

The four stages of aerobic cellular respiration are _____, _____ oxidation, the _____ acid cycle, and the electron _____ chain.

A

The four stages of aerobic cellular respiration are glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain.

25
Mitochondria generate most of the ATP that is used in _____ cells.
Mitochondria generate most of the ATP that is used in **eukaryotic** cells.
26
Respiration pathways use _____ transport systems to generate ATP by _____ phosphorylation. Fermentation pathways lack such transport systems.
Respiration pathways use **electron** transport systems to generate ATP by **oxidative** phosphorylation. Fermentation pathways lack such transport systems.
27
\_\_\_\_\_ respiration uses an inorganic substance other than oxygen as the final oxidizing agent. Fermentation relies on an organic compound.
**Anaerobic** respiration uses an inorganic substance other than oxygen as the final oxidizing agent. Fermentation relies on an organic compound.