Lesson 5- The small intestine

Question 1

Blood capillaries

Answer 1

The smallest and most numerous of the blood vessels, from the connection between arteries and veins. The primary function of capillaries is the exchange of materials between the blood and tissue cells

Question 2

Intestinal juice

Answer 2

A group of enzymes produces in the small intestine including maltase, peptidases, and nucleosidases

Question 3

Lacteal

Answer 3

Small lymphatic vessels found in the villi of the small intestine; fatty acids and glycerol are packaged by epithelial cells and moved into the lacteals; lymphatic vessels transport them to the bloodstream

Question 4

Maltase

Answer 4

An enzyme produced in the small intestine responsible for the hydrolysis of maltose into glucose

Question 5

Microvilli

Answer 5

Numerous projections found in the surface cells of the villus; they produce ATP energy by a process called cellular respiration

Question 6

Nucleosidases

Answer 6

An enzyme produced in the small intestine responsible for breaking down nucleotides into sugar, phosphate, and a nitrogenous base

Question 7

Peptidases

Answer 7

An enzyme produced by the small intestine responsible for breaking down peptides into amino acids

Question 8

Small intestine

Answer 8

First portion of the intestine consisting of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Location of the final destination of food and major uptake of nutrients. Essential in the chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients; arguably the most important digestive organ; the site of action for pancreatic juice, intestinal juice, and bile; responsible for the absorption of nutrients into the blood and lymph (tissue fluid) for use in the body

Question 9

Villus/ villi

Answer 9

Finger-like extensions on the intestines that increase the surface area available for absorption of nutrients