Lesson 3- The pancreas

Question 1

Blood sugar

Answer 1

The concentration of glucose in the blood

Question 2

Glucagon

Answer 2

A hormone secreted by the pancreas in response to decreased blood sugar. It stimulates liver cells to convert glycogen into glucose and convert protein and fat into glucose (gluconeogenesis)

Question 3

Insulin

Answer 3

A hormone secreted by the pancreas in response to increased blood sugar. Insulin makes cell membranes more permeable to glucose by acting on protein carriers and increasing the rate of facilitated diffusion of glucose into cells

Question 4

Lipase

Answer 4

A digestive enzyme secreted by the pancreas responsible for hydrolysis of fats into glycerol and fatty acids

Question 5

Nuclease

Answer 5

A digestive enzyme secreted by the pancreas and small intestine responsible for the hydrolysis of nucleic acids into nucleotides

Question 6

Pancreas

Answer 6

Makes pancreatic juice that contains numerous digestive enzymes and bicarbonate ions that neutralize acid chyme entering the small intestine

Question 7

Pancreatic amylase

Answer 7

A digestive enzyme secreted by the pancreas that continues the hydrolysis of starch into maltose started in the mouth by salivary amylase

Question 8

Pancreatic juice

Answer 8

A group of digestive enzymes created by the pancreas including pancreatic amylase, trypsin, lipase, and nuclease, as well as sodium bicarbonate (to neutralize the acidic chyme)

Question 9

Sodium bicarbonate

Answer 9

Neutralizes acid chyme and brings the pH from 3 in the stomach to about 7.5 in the small intestine

Question 10

Trypsin

Answer 10

A digestive enzyme secreted by the pancreas that continues the hydrolysis of proteins into peptides started in the stomach by pepsin