Lesson 5 - Blood Vessels Flashcards
1
Q
blood flows from the… (7)
A
heart -> arteries -> arterioles -> capillaries -> venules -> veins -> heart
2
Q
how thick are capillaries?
A
one cell thick
3
Q
capillaries are the site of…(3)
A
gas, nutrient, and waste exchange with tissues
4
Q
artery walls are generally……than veins? (2)
A
thicker and more elastic
5
Q
veins generally…..than arteries? (2)
A
have larger lumen than arteries and have valves to prevent backflow
6
Q
three layers of a blood vessels
A
- tunica intima
- tunica media
- tunica externa
7
Q
tunica intima
A
single thin layer of endothelium (squamous cells) lining the lumen
8
Q
the _____ _____ is continuous with the heart endocardium
A
tunica intima
9
Q
_____ are solely composed of the heart endothelium
A
capillaries
10
Q
tunica media
and..?
A
middle coat of smooth muscle and elastin
11
Q
tunica media is under control of what portion of the nervous system?
A
sympathetic control; regulates diameter
12
Q
tunica externa
A
outermost layer of areolar or fibrous connective tissue for support and protection
13
Q
aorta (3)
where is it’s range?
A
(1) ascending from the left ventricle of the heart, (2) into the aortic arch, and (3) down into the thoracic cavity as the descending aorta
14
Q
the ascending aorta branches into the… (2)
A
right and left coronary arteries
15
Q
what do the R/L coronary arteries supply?
A
the myocardium
16
Q
the aortic arch branches into… (3)
A
from left to right (looking at the front)
- brachiocephalic trunk
- left common carotid artery
- left subclavian artery
17
Q
the R/L common carotid arteries branch into… (2)
A
- left and right internal carotid arteries
- left and right external carotid arteries
18
Q
where do the R/L internal carotid artery serve?
A
brain
19
Q
where do the R/L internal carotid arteries branch?
A
into the right and left ophthalmic arteries
20
Q
where do the ophthalmic arteries serve?
A
the orbits
21
Q
where do the R/L external carotid arteries serve?
A
head and neck
22
Q
what do the R/L external carotid arteries branch into? (4)
A
right and left
- superficial temporal
- maxillary
- facial
- occipital
arteries
23
Q
the R/L subclavian arteries branch into… (3)
v.t.c.
A
right and left
- vertebral
- thyrocervical trunk
- costocervical trunk
arteries
24
Q
where do the R/L vertebral arteries serve? (3)
A
- cerebellum
- brain stem
- posterior cerebral hemispheres
25
where do the R/L thyrocervical trunk serve? (2)
| tg.sm.
- thyroid gland
- scapular muscles
26
where do the R/L costocervical trunk serve? (2)
- deep neck
- upper intercostal muscles
27
what do the R/L costocervical trunk branch into?
| upi
right and left upper posterior intercostal arteries
28
the R/L subclavian arteries become what?
the right and left axillary arteries
29
where do the R/L axillary arteries serve?
the upper limb
30
what do the R/L axillary arteries branch into? (5)
| t.lt.s.ach.pch.
right and left
- thoracoacromial
- lateral thoracic
- subscapular
- anterior circumflex humeral
- posterior circumflex humeral
arteries
31
where do the R/L thoracoacromial arteries serve? (2)
- shoulder
- pectoral region
32
where do the R/L lateral thoracic arteries serve?
lateral chest wall
33
where do the R/L subscapular arteries serve? (2)
- scapula
- dorsal thorax
34
where do the R/L anterior/posterior circumflex humeral arteries serve? (2)
- shoulder
- deltoid
35
the axillary artery becomes what?
the brachial artery as it enter the arm
36
the R/L brachial arteries branch into.. (2)
right and left
- radial
- ulnar
arteries
37
where do the R/L ulnar/radial arteries serve?
forearm
38
what precise location does the brachial artery split into the radial and ulnar arteries?
the elbow
39
the R/L internal thoracic arteries branch into...
the R/L anterior intercostal arteries
40
where to the R/L anterior intercostal arteries serve? (2)
- mammary glands
- most of the thorax wall
41
the R/L costocervical trunk branch into...
the first two pairs of posterior intercostal arteries
42
where do the R/L posterior arteries serve?
intercostal space
43
between what vertebrae is the thoracic aorta found?
T5-T12
44
where does the abdominal aorta begin?
T12 or the diaphragm
45
the abdominal aorta: visceral branches (5)
| two categories: ones with R/L (3) and those without (2)
ms.r.g. s/im.c.
R/L
- middle suprarenal
- renal
- gonadal
and the (no R/L)
- superior/inferior mesenterics
- celiac trunk
arteries
46
the abdominal aorta: parietal branches (3)
ip.l. ms.
| R/L (2) no R/L (1)
R/L
- inferior phrenics
- lumbars
and the (no R/L)
- median sacral
arteries
47
the celiac trunk branches into the...(3)
- left gastric artery
- splenic artery
- common hepatic artery
48
where does the left gastric artery serve?
the stomach
49
where does the splenic artery serve?
the spleen
50
what does the common hepatic artery branch into? (2)
| rg.g.
- right gastric artery
- gastroduodenal artery
51
where does the right gastric artery serve?
the stomach
52
where does the gastroduodenal artery serve?
the stomach
53
the common hepatic artery becomes...
the hepatic artery proper
54
where does the hepatic artery proper serve?
the liver
55
what specific location does the common hepatic artery become the hepatic artery proper?
the junction of the gastroduodenal artery
56
where does the superior mesenteric artery serve?
the small intestine
57
where do the R/L middle suprarenal arteries serve?
adrenal glands on the kidneys
58
where do the R/L renal arteries serve?
the kidneys
59
where do the R/L gonadal arteries serve?
the gonads; ovaries or testes
60
where does the inferior mesenteric artery serve?
lower large intestine
61
where do the R/L lumbar arteries serve?
lumbar region
62
what does the abdominal aorta divide into? (2)
R/L common iliac arteries
63
where to the R/L common iliac arteries serve? (3)
- pelvis
- lower abdominal wall
- lower limbs
64
the R/L common iliac arteries divide into... (2)
R/L
- internal iliac
- external iliac
arteries
65
the R/L internal iliac arteries branch into...(3)
| s/ig.o.
R/L
- superior gluteal
- inferior gluteal
- and obturator
arteries
66
where do the R/L superior/inferior gluteal arteries serve?
gluteal muscles
67
where do the R/L obturator arteries serve? (3)
| mt.eg.p.
- medial thigh
- external genitals
- perineum
68
the R/L external iliac arteries serve?
the anterior abdominal wall
69
the R/L external iliac becomes what other artery?
the femoral artery
70
where does the R/L external iliac arteries become the R/L femoral arteries?
the thigh
71
the R/L femoral arteries become what other artery?
the popliteal artery
72
what precise location does the femoral artery become the popliteal artery?
the knee
73
what does the R/L popliteal artery branch into? (2)
R/L
- anterior tibial
- posterior tibial
arteries
74
what do the R/L posterior tibial branch into?
the R/L fibular arteries
75
veins run _____ to most arteries
parallel
76
veins converge on the _____ _____
vena cavae
77
superior vena cava serves...
serves veins from the upper extremities and the head
78
the superior vena cava branches into (2)
- left brachiocephalic vein
- right brachiocephalic vein
79
where do the R/L brachiocephalic veins serve?
upper extremities
80
what do the R/L brachiocephalic veins branch into? (2)
| ij.v.
R/L
- internal jugular
- vertebral
veins
81
the R/L internal jugular veins branch into... (3)
R/L
- superficial temporal
- facial
- subclavian
veins
82
where does the internal jugular drain from? (2)
| ss.d
the superior sagittal and dural sinuses of the brain
83
where do the R/L vertebral veins serve? (3)
| ph.cv.sc
- posterior head
- cervical vertebrae
- spinal cord
84
the R/L subclavian veins branch into... (3)
R/L
- external jugular
- axillary
- cephalic
veins
85
where do the R/L external jugular veins serve?
drains superficial tissues of the head and neck
86
when do the R/L subclavian veins becomes the axillary veins?
as it passes the axilla
87
the R/L axillary veins branch into... (2)
R/L
- brachial
- basilic
veins
88
the R/L brachial veins branch into...(2)
R/L
- radial
- ulnar
veins
89
the R/L basilic veins branches into... (2)
R/L
- median cubital
- median antebrachial
veins
90
the _____ vein branches off the subclavian vein
cephalic
91
azygos system
| drains from...?
drains the intercostal muscles and abdominal walls
92
the azygos system consists of... (3)
- azygos vein
- hemiazygos vein
- accessory hemiazygos vein
93
where does the azygos vein drain from?
the right thorax
94
where do the hemiazygos and accessory hemiazygos vein drain?
the left thorax
95
where does the inferior vena cava serve?
veins from the abdominal region and lower limbs
96
what does the inferior vena cava branch into? (7)
- lumbar veins
- R/L hepatic veins
- right gonadal veins
- right suprarenal vein
- renal vein
- R/L common iliac veins
97
the renal vein branches into the... (2)
- left suprarenal
- left gonadal
veins
98
the R/L common iliac veins branch into the... (2)
R/L
- internal iliac veins
- external iliac veins
99
where does the internal iliac vein drain from?
the pelvis
100
where does the external iliac vein drain from?
the legs
101
the R/L external iliac veins branch into... (2)
R/L
- great saphenous vein
- femoral vein
102
what is the longest blood vessel in the body?
the great saphenous veins
103
when does the external iliac vein become the femoral vein?
when it leaves the inguinal region and enters the thigh
104
when does the femoral vein turn into the popliteal vein?
when it reaches the knee
105
what do the R/L popliteal vein branch into? (3)
R/L
- anterior tibial
- posterior tibial
- fibular
veins
106
the lungs are supplied with blood through what?
bronchial arteries
107
steps of pulmonary circulation (9)
O2 poor blood -> pulmonary trunk -> R/L pulmonary arteries -> lobar arteries -> arterioles -> pulmonary capillaries (gas exchange) -> venules -> veins -> pulmonary veins
108
hepatic portal vein drains blood from... (4)
- digestive viscera
- spleen
- pancreas
- liver
109
the hepatic portal vein is comprised of... (2)
- splenic vein
- superior mesenteric vein
110
the splenic vein branches into the...
inferior mesenteric vein
111
where does the splenic vein serve? (3)
drains the spleen, pancreas, and stomach
112
where does the inferior mesenteric vein drain?
distal portion of the large intestine
113
where does the superior mesenteric vein serve? (2)
drains the small intestines and ascending colon
114
gastric vein drains from...
the stomach into the hepatic portal vein
115
the hepatic vein drains from...
the liver to the inferior vena cava
116
hepatic portal circulation consists of... (3)
- hepatic portal vein
- gastric vein
- hepatic vein
117
three umbilical blood vessels
- two umbilical arteries
- one umbilical vein
118
the two umbilical arteries carry... (2)
O2 poor blood and waste-laden blood to the placenta
119
the umbilical vein carries.... (2)
O2 and nutrient rich blood
120
in fetal circulation, most blood is shunted past the liver to the inferior vena cava by the _____ _____
ductus venosus
121
what allows blood to shunt from the right to left atrium in a fetus?
the foramen ovale
122
what is the foramen ovale called once it is closed after birth?
fossa ovalis
123
what shunts blood from the pulmonary trunk to the aorta in a fetus?
the ductus arteriosus
124
what does the ductus arteriosus become after is collapses at birth?
the ligamentum arteriosum
125
the brain is supplied blood by these arteries (2)
internal carotid arteries and vertebral arteries (from the aortic arch)
126
the R/L internal carotid arteries branch within the cranium into... (2)
the R/L
- anterior cerebral
- middle cerebral
arteries
127
cerebral arterial circle
circle of Willis
- formed from the anterior and posterior communicating arteries of the R/L sides
128
what arteries supply most of the cerebrum? (2)
| already in the cranium, not into the cranium
anterior and middle cerebral arteries
129
the basilar artery of the brain is formed from what R/L arteries?
the R/L vertebral arteries
130
what does the basilar artery of the brain supply? (3)
the pons, cerebellum, and inner ear
131
the basilar artery divides into...
the R/L posterior cerebral arteries
132
at what location does the basilar artery split into the R/L posterior cerebral arteries?
the base of the cerebrum
133
what do the R/L posterior cerebral arteries supply? (2)
temporal and occipital lobes
134
Label this figure.
A: artery
B: vein
135
Label A-C
A: artery
B: lumen
C: tunica intima
136
Label D-F
D: endothelium
E: subendothelial layer
F: internal elastic lamina (membrane)
137
Label G-I
G: tunica media (smooth muscle and elastic fibers)
H: external elastic lamina (membrane)
I: tunica externa (collagen fibers)
138
Label J, K, and N
L and M are on another card
J: vaso vasorum
K: capillary network
N: vein
139
Label O and P
O: valve
P: lumen
140
Label the figure.
A: capillary network
B: basement membrane
C: endothelial cells
141
Label the figure.
A: right common carotid artery
B: right subclavian artery
C: brachiocephalic trunk
142
Label the figure.
A: right and left common carotid arteries
B: right subclavian artery
C: left subclavian artery
D: brachiocephalic trunk
143
Label A-C
A: right vertebral artery
B: right internal carotid artery
C: right external carotid artery
144
Label D-F
D: right thyrocervical trunk
E: right costocervical trunk
F: right axillary artery
145
Label G-I
G: right ophthalmic artery
H: branches of the r. external carotid artery
I: right superficial artery
146
Label J-L
J: right maxillary artery
K: right occipital artery
L: right facial artery
147
Label the figure
A: right vertebral artery
B: right thyrocervical trunk
C: right costocervical trunk
D: right axillary artery
148
Label A-C
A: right suprascapular artery
B: right thoracoacromial artery
C: right posterior circumflex humeral artery
149
Label D-F
D: right anterior circumflex humeral artery
E: right subscapular artery
F: right radial artery
150
Label G and H
G: right ulnar artery
H: right lateral thoracic artery
151
Label A-C
A: right costocervical trunk
B: left posterior intercostal arteries
C: right anterior intercostal artery
152
Label D and E
D: right internal thoracic artery
E: thoracic aorta
153
Label A-C
A: inferior vena cava
B: celiac trunk
C: common hepatic artery
154
Label D-F
D: hepatic artery proper
E: gastroduodenal artery
F: right gastric artery
155
Label G-J
G: abdominal aorta
H: left gastric artery
I: splenic artery
J: superior mesenteric artery
156
Label A-C
A: abdominal aorta
B: right lumbar arteries
C: left middle suprarenal artery
157
Label D-F
D: left renal artery
E: superior mesenteric artery
F: left gonadal (testicular/ovarian) artery
158
Label G and H
G: inferior mesenteric artery
H: left common iliac artery
159
Label the figure.
A: celiac trunk
B: superior mesenteric artery
C: abdominal aorta
D: inferior mesenteric artery
160
Label A-C.
A: right common iliac artery
B: right internal iliac artery
C: right superior gluteal artery
161
Label D-F
D: right external iliac artery
E: right obturator artery
F: right femoral artery
162
Label G-I
G: right popliteal artery
H: right anterior tibial artery
I: right posterior tibial artery
163
Label J-L
J: right fibular artery
K: right popliteal artery
L: right anterior artery
164
Label M and N
M: right fibular artery
N: right posterior tibial artery
165
Label the figure.
A: superior sagittal sinus
B: right and left transverse sinuses
C: right sigmoid sinus
D: right internal jugular vein
166
Label A-C
A: right superior temporal vein
B: right facial vein
C: right external jugular vein
167
Label D-F
D: right vertebral vein
E: right internal jugular vein
F: right brachiocephalic vein
168
Label G and H.
G: right subclavian vein
H: right superior vena cava
169
Label A-C
A: right and left brachiocephalic veins
B: right subclavian vein
C: right axillary vein
170
Label G-I
G: right median cubital vein
H: right medial antebrachial vein
I: right cephalic vein
171
Label D-F
D: right brachial vein
E: right cephalic vein
F: right basilic vein
172
Label J-L
J: right radial vein
K: right basilic vein
L: right ulnar vein
173
Label M-O
M: left jugular vein
N: left external jugular vein
O: left subclavian vein
174
Label P-R
P: superior vena cava
Q: azygos vein
R: accessory hemiazygos vein
175
Label S and T
S: hemiazygos vein
T: inferior vena cava
176
Label A-C
A: right and left hepatic veins
B: inferior vena cava
C: right suprarenal vein
177
Label D-F
D: right gonadal vein
E: right external iliac vein
F: right and left renal veins
178
Label G-I
G: left suprarenal vein
H: left lumbar veins
I: left gonadal vein
179
Label J and K
J: left common iliac vein
K: left internal iliac vein
180
Label A-C
A: right popliteal vein
B: right fibular vein
C: anterior tibial vein
181
Label D-F
D: right common iliac vein
E: right internal iliac vein
F: right external iliac vein
182
Label G-I
G: right femoral vein
H: right great saphenous vein (superficial)
I: right great saphenous vein
183
Label J-M
J: right popliteal vein
K: right anterior tibial vein
L: right fibular vein
M: right posterior tibial vein
184
Label A-C
A: left pulmonary artery
B: aortic arch
C: pulmonary trunk
185
Label D-F
D: right pulmonary artery
E: three lobar arteries of the lung
F: right pulmonary veins
186
Label G-I
G: right atrium
H: right ventricle
I: left ventricle
187
Label J-L
J: two left lobar arteries of the left lung
K: left pulmonary veins
L: left atrium
188
Label A-C
A: right and left hepatic veins
B: liver
C: hepatic portal vein
189
Label D-F
D: left gastric vein
E: right gastric vein
F: spleen
190
Label G-I
G: splenic vein
H: inferior mesenteric vein
I: superior mesenteric vein
191
Label A-C
A: fetus
B: newborn
C: aortic arch
192
Label D-F
D: superior vena cava
E: ductus arteriosus
F: ligamentum arteriosum
193
Label G-I
G: pulmonary artery
H: pulmonary veins
I: heart
194
Label J-L
J: foramen ovale
K: fossa ovalis
L: liver
195
Label M-O
M: ductus venosus
N: ligamentum venosum
O: hepatic portal vein
196
Label P-R
P: umbilical vein
Q: ligamentum teres
R: inferior vena cava
197
Label S-U
S: umbilicus
T: abdominal aorta
U: common iliac artery
198
Label V-Y
V: umbilical arteries
W: medial umbilical ligaments
X: umbilical cord
Y: placenta
199
Label A-C
A: optic chiasma
B: right middle cerebral artery
C: right internal carotid artery
200
Label D-F
D: pituitary gland
E: right vertebral artery
F: cerebral arterial circle or circle of Willis
201
Label G-I
G: anterior communicating artery
H: left anterior cerebral artery
I: left posterior communicating artery
202
Label J and K
J: left posterior cerebral artery
K: basilar artery
203
Label A-C
A: cerebral arterial circle or Circle of Willis
B: anterior communicating artery
C: right anterior cerebral artery
204
Label D-F
D: right posterior communicating artery
E: right posterior cerebral artery
F: basilar artery
