Lesson 5 Flashcards
Alveol/o
Alveoli
Bronch/o
Bronchial tube
Epiglott/o
Epiglottis
Laryng/o
Larynx, voice box
Nas/o
Nose
Orth/o
Straight
Ox/i
Oxygen
Pharyng/o
Pharynx, throat
Phon/o
Sound, voice
Pneumon/o
Lung, air
Pulmon/o
Lung
Py/o
Pus
Somn/o
Somn/o
Spir/o
To breathe
Thorac/o
Chest, pleural cavity
Trache/o
Trachea, windpipe
eu-
Good, normal
para-
Beside
-centesis
Surgical puncture to remove fluid
-dynia
Pain
-pnea
Breathing
-ptysis
Spitting up, coughing up
-thorax
Chest, pleural cavity
ARDS
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
CAP
Community acquired pneumonia
CF
Cystic fibrosis
COPD
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
CPAP
Continuous positive airway pressure
CXR
Chest x-ray
LLL
Left lower lobe (of lung)
LUL
Left upper lobe (of lung)
NG tube
Nasogastric tube
OSA
Obstructive sleep apnea
PE
Pulmonary embolism
PFT
Pulmonary function test
PNA
Pneumonia
PPD
Tuberculin skin test (stands for purified protein derivative)
RLL
Right lower lobe (of lung)
RUL
Right upper lobe (of lung)
SOB
Shortness of breath
URI
Upper respiratory infection
exacerbation
an increase in severity of the disease
interstitial
the spaces around a tissue or an organ
antitussive
commonly known as cough medicine, is administered to prevent or relieve coughing
apnea
the absence of spontaneous respiration
aspiration pneumonia
can develop when a foreign substance, such as vomit, is inhaled into the lungs
bradypnea
an abnormally slow rate of respiration usually of less than 10 breaths per minute
Cheyne-Stokes respiration
a pattern of alternating periods of slow breathing and the absence of breathing that are followed by rapid breathing
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
a group of lung diseases in which the bronchial airflow is obstructed, making it difficult to breathe out
cyanosis
a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by a lack of adequate oxygen in the blood
cystic fibrosis
a genetic disorder in which the lungs and pancreas are clogged with large quantities of abnormally thick mucus
dysphonia
any change in vocal quality, including hoarseness, weakness, or the cracking of a boy’s voice in puberty
dyspnea
difficult or labored breathing, also known as shortness of breath
emphysema
the progressive loss of lung function that is commonly attributed to long-term smoking
endotracheal intubation
the passage of a tube through the nose or mouth into the trachea to establish or maintain an open airway
pertussis
a contagious bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract, also known as whooping cough
pneumoconiosis
an abnormal condition caused by dust in the lungs that usually develops after years of environmental or occupational contact
polysomnography
also known as a sleep apnea study, is a diagnostic test that measures physiological activity during sleep
tachypnea
an abnormally rapid rate of respiration, usually more than 20 breaths per minute
thoracentesis
the surgical puncture of the chest wall with a needle to remove fluid from the pleural cavity
thoracostomy
the surgical creation of an opening into the chest cavity that is performed to establish drainage of pus from the chest cavity
tracheostomy
the creation of an opening into the trachea and insertion of a tube to facilitate the passage of air or the removal of secretions
tracheotomy
an emergency procedure performed to gain access to the airway below a blockage
Paranasal Sinuses
air-filled cavities that surround the nasal cavity. They reduce the skull’s weight, produce mucus, and influence voice quality by acting as resonating chambers. The four paranasal sinuses are maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoid, and frontal
Emphysema
Progressive, long-term loss of lung function, usually due to smoking
Bronchospasm
Contraction of the smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles, tightening and squeezing the airway shut
Eupnea
Easy or normal breathing
Epistaxis
Also known as a nosebleed
Pertussis
Also known as whooping cough.
A contagious bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract that is characterized by recurrent bouts of a paroxysmal (sudden and spasm-like) cough, followed by breathlessness and a noisy inspiration.
Respiratory syncytial virus
RSV
A common, highly contagious viral infection spread by respiratory droplets.
Rhinorrhea
Also known as a runny nose.
Laryngospasm
The sudden spasmodic closure of the larynx.
Aphonia
The loss of the ability of the larynx to produce normal speech sounds.
Dysphonia
Difficulty in speaking, which may include any impairment in vocal quality, including hoarseness, weakness, or the cracking of a boy’s voice during puberty.
Bronchiectasis
Permanent thickening of the walls of the bronchi, caused by chronic infection and inflammation.
Bronchorrhea
Excessive discharge of watery mucus from the bronchi.
Pleural effusion
Excess accumulation of fluid in the pleural space
Hemothorax
A collection of blood in the pleural cavity.
Pneumothorax
The accumulation of air in the pleural space resulting in a pressure imbalance that causes the lung to fully or partially collapse.
Atelectasis
The incomplete expansion of part or all of a lung.
Pulmonary edema
An accumulation of fluid in lung tissues, especially the alveoli.
Pulmonary embolism
The sudden blockage of a pulmonary artery by foreign matter or by an embolus that formed in the leg or pelvic region.
Cystic fibrosis
CF
A life-threatening genetic disorder in which the lungs and pancreas are clogged with large quantities of abnormally thick mucus.
Polysomnography
Also known as a sleep study.
Measures physiological activity during sleep and often performed to detect nocturnal defects in breathing associated with sleep apnea.
Spirometer
A recording device that measures the amount (volume) of air inhaled or exhaled and the length of time required for each breath.
Bronchodilator
An inhaled medication that relaxes and expands the bronchial passages into the lung
Endotracheal intubation
The passage of a tube through the mouth into the trachea to establish or maintain an open airway, especially when a patient must be placed on a ventilator.
Laryngotomy
A surgical incision into the larynx.
Septoplasty
The surgical repair of parts of the nasal septum
Tracheostomy
The surgical creation of a stoma into the trachea below the vocal cords to insert a temporary or permanent tube to facilitate breathing.
Pneumonectomy
The surgical removal of all or part of a lung.
Thoracentesis
The surgical puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid from the pleural cavity.
Thoracotomy
A surgical incision into the chest wall to open the pleural cavity for biopsy or treatment.
