Lesson 1 Flashcards
-algia
pain, suffering
-dynia
pain
-ectomy
surgical removal, cutting out
-gram
picture or record
hyper-
excessive, increased
hypo-
deficient, decreased
-itis
inflammation
-osis
abnormal condition, disease
-ostomy
the surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface
plasty
surgical repair
-rrhage
bleeding, abnormal excessive fluid discharge
-rrhaphy
surgical suturing
-rrhea
flow or discharge
-sclerosis
abnormal hardening
cyan/o
blue
erythr/o
red
leuk/o
white
melan/o
black
poli/o
gray
enter
small intestine
gastr
stomach
noun endings
-a, -um, -y, -e, -us
suffixes meaning “pertaining to”
-ac -eal -ior
-al -ical -ory
-an -ial -ous
-ar -ic -tic
-ary -ine
Suffixes Meaning “Abnormal Condition or Disease”
-ago -iasis -osis
-esis -ion -pathy
-ia -ism
-megaly
enlargement
-malacia
abnormal softening
-necrosis
tissue death
-stenosis
abnormal narrowing
-centesis
a surgical puncture to remove fluid for diagnostic purposes or to remove excess fluid
-graphy
the process of producing a picture or record
-scopy
visual examination
ab-
away from, negative, absent
dextro-
right side
ex-
out of, outside, away from
macro-
large, abnormal size, long
mega-, megalo-
large, great
ad-
toward, to, in the direction of
sinistro-
left side
in-
in, into, not, without
micro-
small
oligo-
scanty, few
dys-
bad, difficult, or painful
eu-
good, normal, well, or easy
inter-
between or among
intra-
within or inside
sub-
under, less, or below
super-, supra-
above or excessive
If the singular term ends in the suffix -a
the plural is usually formed by changing the ending to -ae
If the singular term ends in the suffix -ex or -ix
the plural is usually formed by changing these endings to -ices
If the singular term ends in the suffix -is
the plural is usually formed by changing the ending to -es
If the singular term ends in the suffix -itis
the plural is usually formed by changing the -is ending to -ides
If the singular term ends in the suffix -nx
the plural is usually formed by changing the -x ending to -ges
If the singular term ends in the suffix -on
the plural is usually formed by changing the ending to -a
If the singular term ends in the suffix -um
the plural usually is formed by changing the ending to -a
If the singular term ends in the suffix -us
the plural is usually formed by changing the ending to -i
diagnosis = DX
is the identification of a disease
differential diagnosis = D/DX
also known as a rule out (R/O), is an attempt to determine which one of several possible diseases is causing the signs and symptoms that are present
arteri/o
artery
ather/o
plaque or fatty substance
arthr/o
joint
-ectomy
surgical removal
-ostomy
the surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface
-otomy
cutting or a surgical incision
fissure
a groove or crack-like sore of the skin
fistula
an abnormal passage, usually between two internal organs or leading from an organ to the surface of the body
ileum (ILL-ee-um)
the last and longest portion of the small intestine
ilium (ILL-ee-um)
part of the hip bone
laceration
a torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut
lesion
a pathologic change of the tissues due to disease or injury
mucous (MYOU-kus)
describes the specialized membranes that line the body cavities
mucus (MYOU-kus)
the fluid secreted by mucous membranes
myc/o
fungus
myel/o
bone marrow or spinal cord
my/o
muscle
Palpation (pal-PAY-shun)
an examination technique in which the examiner’s hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts
Palpitation (pal-pih-TAY-shun)
a pounding or racing heart
pyel/o
renal pelvis, which is part of the kidney
py/o
pus
pyr/o
fever or fire
Supination (soo-pih-NAY-shun)
the act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward or upward
Suppuration (sup-you-RAY-shun)
the formation of pus
Virile (VIR-ill)
having the nature, properties, or qualities of an adult male
MS
can mean either morphine sulfate or magnesium sulfate
QD and QOD
mean daily and every other day, respectively; sometimes mistaken for each other
U
means unit, sometimes mistaken for 0 or 4
edema
describes swelling caused by excess fluid in the body tissues`
eponym
a disease, structure, operation, or procedure named for the person who first discovered or described it
erythrocyte
a mature red blood cell
breast
Mast/o & Mamm/o
uterus
Hyster/o & Uter/o
vein
Phleb/o & Ven/o
vagina
Colp/o & Vagin/o
ovary
Oophor/o & Ovari/o
mouth
Or/o & Stomat/o
blood vessel
Angi/o & Vascul/o
artery
Arteri/o
joint
Arthr/o
eyelid
Blephar/o
bronchus
Bronch/o
head
Cephal/o
colon/large intestine
Colon/o or Col/o
bladder
Cyst/o
brain
Encephal/o
small intestine
Enter/o
red
Erythr/o
gums
Gingiv/o
tongue
Gloss/o
blood
Hemat/o
liver
Hepat/o
abdomen/abdominal wall
Lapar/o
larynx
Laryng/o
white
Leuk/o
muscle
My/o
bone marrow/spinal cord
Myel/o
kidney
Nephr/o
nerve/nervous system
Neur/o
ovary
Oophor/o
eye
Ophthalm/o
testicle
Orchi/o
bone
Osteo/o
ear
Ot/o
pharynx
Pharyng/o
kidney
Ren/o
nose
Rhin/o
fallopian tube
Salping/o
mouth
Stomat/o
thyroid gland
Thyr/o
CBC
Complete Blood Count
CKD
Chronic Kidney Disease
CTA
Clear To Auscultation
DM
Diabetes Mellitus
HTN
Hypertension
NCAT
Normocephalic/Atraumatic
RRR
Regular Rate and Rhythm
RRT
Renal Replacement Therapy
Wt
Weight
Sagittal Plane
divides the body into unequal right and left parts
midsagittal plane
divides the body into equal right and left parts
frontal plane
divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts
transverse plane
divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) parts
ventral
Toward the front (stomach side) of the body
dorsal
Toward the back side of the body
anterior
Toward the front
posterior
Toward the back
superior
Above or toward the head
inferior
Below or toward the feet
cephalic
Toward the head
caudal
Toward the tail or lower part of the body
proximal
Near the midline or a body structure
distal
Further from the midline or a body structure
medial
Central or closer to the midline
lateral
To the side of the body, or away from the midline
cranial cavity
located within the skull
dorsal cavity
located along the back of the body and head. The cranial and spinal cavities are part of the dorsal cavity.
ventral cavity
located along the front of the body. The thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities are part of the ventral cavity.
pelvic cavity
surrounded by the hip bones, containing excretory and reproductive organs
spinal cavity
located within the spinal column
abdominal cavity
inferior to the diaphragm, containing major digestive organs
thoracic cavity
also known as the chest cavity, is superior to the diaphragm, containing the heart and lungs
epigastric region
area above the stomach
exocrine glands
structures in the body that secrete chemical substances into ducts.
inguinal
means related to the groin. It is the entire lower area of the abdomen.
