Lesson 3 Flashcards
Angi/o
Blood vessel
Aort/o
Aorta
Arteri/o
Artery
Ather/o
Plaque, fatty substance
Cardi/o & Coron/o
Heart
Erythr/o
Red
Hem/o & Hemat/o
Blood
Leuk/o
White
Phleb/o & Ven/o
Vein
Thromb/o
Clot
Vascul/o
Blood Vessel
-cyte
Cell
-emia
Blood Condition
-lytic
Destroy or dissolve
-penia
Deficiency, too few
-sclerosis
Abnormal hardening
-stenosis
Abnormal narrowing
AAA
Abdominal aortic aneurysm
AED
Automated external defibrillator
AMI
Acute myocardial infarction
BP
Blood pressure
CABG (pronounced “cabbage”)
Coronary artery bypass graft
CAD
Coronary artery disease
CCU
Coronary care unit
CHF
Congestive heart failure
CPR
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
ECG/EKG
Electrocardiogram
Echo
Echocardiogram
HDL
High-density lipoprotein (good cholesterol)
HTN
Hypertension
ICD
Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
LDL
Low-density lipoprotein (bad cholesterol)
MI
Myocardial infarction
PVD
Peripheral vascular disease
aneurysm
a localized weak spot, or balloon-like enlargement, of the wall of an artery
angina
also known as angina pectoris, is a condition of episodes of severe chest pain due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium
atrial fibrillation
occurs when the normal rhythmic contractions of the atria are replaced by rapid irregular twitching of the muscular heart wall
cardiac catheterization
a diagnostic or treatment procedure in which a catheter is passed into a vein or artery and then guided into the heart
carotid endarterectomy
the surgical removal of the lining of a portion of a clogged carotid artery leading to the brain
chronic venous insufficiency
a condition in which venous circulation is inadequate due to partial vein blockage or leakage of venous valves
defibrillation
the use of electrical shock to restore the heart’s normal rhythm
electrocardiogram
a record of the electrical activity of the myocardium
embolism
the sudden blockage of a blood vessel by an embolus
embolus
a foreign object such as a blood clot, quantity of air or gas, or a bit of tissue or tumor that is circulating in the blood
myocardial infarction
also known as a heart attack, is the blockage of one or more coronary arteries resulting in an infarct of the affected myocardium
thallium stress test
performed to evaluate how well blood flows through the coronary arteries to the heart muscle during exercise
thrombolytic
also known as a clot-busting drug, causes a thrombus to dissolve or break up
thrombosis
the abnormal condition of having a thrombus that can prevent the flow of blood through the vessel
thrombotic occlusion
the blocking of an artery by a thrombus
thrombus
a blood clot attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein
ventricular tachycardia
a very rapid heartbeat that begins within the ventricles. This condition is potentially fatal because the heart is beating so rapidly that it is unable to adequately pump blood through the body
pericardium
a double-walled membranous sac that encloses the heart
Mitral or bicuspid valve
between the left atrium and the left ventricle and consists of two cusps
Tricuspid valve
between the right atrium and the right ventricle and consists of three cusps
Aortic valve
between the left ventricle and the aorta and consists of three cusps
Pulmonary valve
between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery and consists of three cusps
Arteries
carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart
Arterioles
branch off from the ends of arteries and carry blood to capillaries
Capillaries
the smallest and thinnest of the blood vessels and the most common. Capillaries connect to arterioles on one end and venules on the other. Capillaries carry blood very close to the cells in order to exchange gases, nutrients, and waste products.
Venules
small vessels that pick up blood from the capillaries and deposit it into larger veins for transport back to the heart
Veins
carry oxygen-depleted blood to the lungs to receive oxygen
aorta
the largest artery in the body and carries blood away from the heart to the rest of the body. It runs from the heart through the center of the chest and abdomen
superior vena cava
the large vein that brings blood from the head and arms into the heart
inferior vena cava
the large vein that brings blood from the abdomen and legs into the heart
abdominal aorta
a segment of the aorta located in the abdominal cavity
carotid arteries
two large blood vessels located one on each side of the neck
Angina pectoris
a pain or tightness in the chest that occurs when fatty plaque inside the coronary arteries restricts blood flow to the heart
Carotid endarterectomy
a procedure to remove a plaque deposit that is clogging a carotid artery
Pernicious anemia
a decrease in red blood cells that occurs when the intestines cannot properly absorb vitamin B12
Complete Blood Count (CBC)
measures erythrocyte, leukocyte, hemoglobin, platelet, and hematocrit levels and the average size of erythrocytes
Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP)
measures 14 substances in the blood to provide information about the body’s metabolism
Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP)
measures four electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, glucose, and sometimes calcium in the blood
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
measures the amount of urea nitrogen in the blood. When elevated, it may indicate kidney or liver problems
Direct Antiglobulin Test
used to investigate a possible hemolytic transfusion reaction
Coagulation Panel
tests for suspected clotting disorders
Blood Gas Analysis
measures the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood
Blood Glucose Test
measures the level of a simple sugar in the blood
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Test
When elevated, the erythrocyte sedimentation test indicates the presence of inflammation in the body
Fibrinogen Activity Test
determines the level of fibrinogen in the blood to help find the cause of abnormal bleeding
Lipid Panel
determines average levels of cholesterol and triglycerides to assess the risk of developing cardiovascular disease
Newborn Screening Test
tests for genetic, hormone-related, and metabolic conditions
Total Protein Test
measures the proteins albumin and globulin in the blood
