Lesson 19 Flashcards
What is a typical aroma descriptor of cork taint?
moldy cardboard
to which moment in the traditional rural calendar does Giosue Carducci’s peom “L’estate di San Martino” (Martinmas) refer to?
beginning of winter
the political, social and military process that led to the creation of the italian nation state between 1840s - 1871?
The “Risorgiment’
how did they manage to keep under control phylloxera, the aphid that in the late XIX century devasted the european wine production
by grafting Eurasian vines on American vines
who was the major scientist that gave an enormous contribution ot winemaking by investigating the role of yeast…. etc…
pasteur
wine service order (in case you want more than one) explanation
start from the wine that is lightest (body, intensity) and go up in terms of intensity (mostly) and complexity
wine service order
start with sparkling wines
light white wines
med/full bodied white wines
lighter reds
med/full bodied reds
dessert with sweet wine
what servicing temperature for sparkling wines
well chilled/right out of the fridge
what servicing temperature for white wines
slightly higher temp than sparkling wines (7 - 13 C)
why don’t you have white wines to be super chilled
if it’s too cold than can’t perceive fruit
what servicing temperature for red wines
room temp
why might you chill red wine SLIGHTLY before serving
because most apartments and buildings are hotter than room temperature
wine glass for white wine
smaller; because served chilled
what do you do if you want white wine to stay chilled while drinking it?
drink half and then top it up so it stays at an appropriate temp and keep doing that
wine glass for red
bigger glasses
why bigger glasses for red wines
more complexity and if have a broader surface covered with the wine then more of the aromas can be smelled
wine glass for port/sweet/fortified wines
small glasses
why smaller glasses for port/sweet/fortified wines
more expensive and higher alcohol content
wine glass for sparkling wines
champagne flute
decanting wine
instead of directly pouring wine into a glass you pour into a decanter
what is the first purpose for decanting
to separate the natural deposit that forms in many fine, aged red wines
how is that separated in a decanter?
done by GENTLY pouring the wine into the decanter, leaving the sediment in the bottle
what is the second purpose for a decanter?
allows the wine to “breath” and more oxygen which can have positive effects on its aromas
what is a myth about opening bottles of wine
despite common belief, simply opening a bottle some time before service is almost useless
what the last reason for decanting?
looks dope as fuck - beautiful object
when did italy have its greatest scandal for wine
1986
what was the scandal?
several winemakers were found to have adulterated their wine with methanol
what is methanol
an extremely dangerous chemical used to artificially increase the wine
s alcohol content
what happened due to this scandal
many died or lost their sight
what did this scandal cause
one of the bleakest moments in the history of Italian wine production but also a turning point
what good did the scandal due
it caused damage but also caused producers to shift their focus from quantity to quality and more
many of Italy’s most prestigious wines emerged in the 90s
aromatic grape varieties
used to produce wines that have intense and distinct floral aromas
why do aromtic grape varieties have an intense and distinct floral aroma?
presence of monoterpenes
what colors can aromas wines be
white or red
examples of white aromatic wines
moscato, zibibbo
examples of red aromatic wines
lacrima, centesimino, aleatico
moscato giallo
belongs to the large and varied family of moscato
what does the word moscato come from
musk
musk
a substance that was used for producing perfumes - not used anymore
produced from glands of certain mammals
moscato d’asti and asti spumante
sweet sparkling wines, both made with the same muscato grape variety
what do moscato d’asti and asti spumante owe their sweetness to
the interruption of the first fermentation, rather than the addition of liqueur d’expedition
difference with moscato d’astri
fermentation is stopped earlier
what does the earlier stopped fermentation for moscato d’astri do
lower alcohol (~5%) and higher sugar, less fizzy (frizzante instead of spumante)
difference with asti spumante
fermentation is stopped later
what does stopping the fermentation later do for asti spumante
higher alcohol (~11%), less sugar, more bubbles
what does proper sparkling wine need with the cork
needs a cage around the cork so cork doesn’t expel
