lesson 17 Flashcards
what is another advantage of Guyot’s method of having the grapes more exposed to sun/air so they don’t rot
used as a way to control infections because each grape is more exposed
phylloxera
a tiny aphid that attacks the roots of grapevines, began devasting vineyards across southern europe (1870s)
camillo benso count of cavour
first prime minister of italy; served public functions as such playing role in transforming the history of Piedmont and rural economy
what are the three advantages to Guyot’s training system
- way of standardizing production and process (always the same)
- grapes are more exposed to sun/air so they don’t rot
- easier to identify and have less but quality is much better
what did Bettino Ricasoli do for wine
define grape selection for making Chanti
libiamo nei Lieti Calici
duet from La Traviata
what did Chanti used to be
a blend - inspired by Bordeaux blend
Louis Pasteur
investigated role of yeast and bacteria in wine production
giuseppe verdi
most damous composer of his time; lived halfway between Bologna and Milan so passing mailmen gave him books
known for taste in food/wine
libiamo nei Lieti Calici theme
of carpe dieme but exclaimed by a woman instead
powdery mildew
oidium; a type of funghi, important from US in 1840s
what did camillo benso seeking the expertise of French oenologists do
helped improve viticulture and winemaking practices in the region
how did phylloxera destroy vineyards
spread rapidly, decimating vine stocks and causing widespread destruction
what happens to the color of wine as they age?
red wines tend to become paler and white’s darker
Jules Guyot
defined training system that takes his name
technique most used today
The “Risorgiment’
the political, social and military process that led to the creation of the unified Italian nation state between 1840s - 1871
to which italian region does the demonination “Barolo DOCG” belong?
Piedmonte
what did the 19th century bring
great increase in production and distinction between high quality and mass product
how much did phylloxera destroy before solution was discovered
french wine production decrease 75% BUT damage left a lasting impact on european viticulture
who was the model for wine back then?
france
how did camillo benso count of cavour improve viticulture and winemaking practices in the region
sought expertise of French oenologists (including Louis Oudart) who helped improve this
what is Guyot’s training system in fall
during fall certain number of branches will come out of each and will have bunches of grapes
plot of libiamo nei Lieti Calici
famous courtesan has rich lover and alfredo (poet) confesses love
Violetta gives in 3 months later and they move to countryside
Alfredo’s father convinces Violetta to leave because its damaging families reputation
she does and leaves note and goes to paris
Alfredo finds out and goes to Paris - humiliates and devastates her
father tells son what he did, son goes to her to apologize but her illness is much worse and has lost all her friends
she forgives him, tells him shes feeling better then dies of tuberculous
what is Guyot’s training system at the end of harvest
all branches will be cut except for one new one adn process starts over
what did camillo benso do to modernizing vineyears and wine cellars and advance wine techniques
opened region to global markets, persuading kings and powerful people to invest in their estates
what was Va’pensiero, an aria from his opera Nabucco widely interpreted as
reflecting longing for freedom
libiamo nei Lieti Calici when meeting
toast to pleasure, love and happy times but it will not last; love over pleasure
alfredo truing to convince her of love and her saying it won’t last and she lives for please as “everyone does”
what is Guyot’s training system in spring
each spring, one branch (1 year old - new( is bent so it lays horizontally on a support
what was the solution to phylloxera
gradting european grapes on american rootstock
what happened in 1855
first systematic classification of Bordeaux wines
what was giuseppe verdi a symbol of
italian unity and nationalism
what did opening up the region to global markets and persuading Kings/powerful people to invest in their estates do to wine and who did that
camillo benso count of cavour
what piece of his in specific was a symbol of the longing for freedom
Va’pensiero, an aria from his opera Nabucco
Bettino Ricasoli
second prime minister of italy in 1861 (after Cavour who only held office for 75 days)
