lesson 14

Question 1

what does an oxidated fortified wine usually have as a flavor

Answer 1

typical nutty flavors

Question 2

how can fermentation be stopped

Answer 2

(1) use of SO2, chilling and filtering

(2) fortification (add spirits to kill yeast)

Question 3

‘traditional method’ sparkling wine bubbles are made out of…?

Answer 3

CO2

Question 4

how much is the alcohol content of fortified wines?

Answer 4

> 16%

Question 5

process for charmat method/martinotti method sparkling wine…?

Answer 5

rarely takes a couple of weeks

Question 6

regarding ‘traditional metho’ sparking wine?

Answer 6

low alcohol, high acidity

Question 7

southern main grape varieties

Answer 7

aglianico, primitivo, hegroamaro, nero d’avola, nerello mescales, greco, fiano, falanghina, vermentino

Question 8

can wines be sweetened and if so which ones?

Answer 8

only sparkling can be sweetened with sugar

Question 9

mix of sugar and yeast added to base wine to start second fermentation is called…?

Answer 9

liqueur de triage

Question 10

southern regions

Answer 10

Campania, Puglia, Sicily

Question 11

Marsala

Answer 11

first DOC in italy (1968); variety of local grapes are used, prestigious

Question 12

how is the must cooked?

Answer 12

via boiling, caramelized and thickened

Question 13

how does adding distilled spirits to wines stop fermentation?

Answer 13

yeasts die and result in alc and sweet wine

Question 14

noteable demoninations

Answer 14

taurasi DOCG, Primitivo di Manduria DOC, Etna DOC, Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG

Question 15

sparkling wines are often labeled ‘non-vintage’?

Answer 15

true

Question 16

what can be added to marsala to strengthen sugar content and color?

Answer 16

cooked must

Question 17

most wines are femernted with….

Answer 17

dryness – some retain some unfermented sugar (residual sugar)

Question 18

malolactic fermentation…?

Answer 18

can start spontaneously

Question 19

what kind of reputation does Marsala have?

Answer 19

bad reputation, mostly used for cooking

Question 20

solera method

Answer 20

oldest part of the blend (know as “solera”) is kept in barrels and each time a portion of the liquid is removed for bottling it is replaced with an equal amount on younger liquid from the next oldest barrel

Question 21

what does oxidative in style mean?

Answer 21

exposed to oxygen for extended periods, typically in partially wooden barrels, rather than be protected from it

Question 22

what are most fortified wines

Answer 22

oxidative in style

Question 23

balance with…

Answer 23

acidity; sweetness and intensity of fruit to make sure its not too cloying

Question 24

who is the author, “who’d be happy, let him be so:/nothing’s sure about tomorrow”?

Answer 24

lorenzo de’medici

Question 25

how is the fermentation of fortified wines stopped

Answer 25

by means of the addition of distilled spirits making a greater alcohol content