lesson 11 Flashcards
malolactic fermentatin/conversion
winemakers have lactic bacteria (Oenococcus Oeni) convert malic acid into the much softer lactic acid
Bacchus/Dionysus return to…
wine and culture
expansion of commerce on a large scale
after 1400s “all of Europe drank wine, if only a part of it produced it” ~ F. Braudel Q. in Varriano
the score
is from a piece of musci byu court composer Adrian Willert
reads “ he who drinks and does not drink again, know not what drinking is”
Arianna
Bacco’s wife
main factors of the renaissance of wine
expansion of commerce on a large scale, rediscovery and improvement, return of Bacchus/Dionysis
diffusion of printing contributed significantly to the…
spread of science and knowledge
what happened in the Rinascimento regarding economy
quick and rapid economic growth accompanied by accumulation of wealthy by middle/upper class merchants and bankers
Puzzle jugs
ceramic boccali that could not be used traditionally (often due to hole in the neck but they weren’t all the same) and required to figure it out
common during 15th century as entertainment for meals and remained popular for century
what was Titian, Bacchanal of Andrians inspired by
a passage in Philostratus’ Images
Philostratus’ Images
a 3rd century account of a picture collection (lost/destroyed) the author saw in a villa near Naples
Dionysus arriving to the isle of Andros (ship in battleground)
what does the renaissance follow
middle ages
humanism
looking at ancient Greeks and Romans as models
what did Lorenzo Il Magnifico do with the arts/culture
one of the most important patrons of the arts/culture of the time (Botticelli, Michelangelo, Leonardo, etc)
Canzona di Bacco/Il Trionfo di Bacco e Arianna
most famous of Lorenzo’s carnival songs (canti carnascialeschi)
theme of carpe diem; references to Ancient mythology
analysis of Canzona di Bacco/Il Trionfo di Bacco e Arianna
describing triumph; sex; nothing is sure about tomorrow
what are the effects of malolactic conversion?
produces effects not just on acidity of wine but also on aromas
what natural biological process does malolactic conversion use
deacidication
what was the most important/popular ‘book of manners’
Il Cortegiano (The Book of the Courtier)
can malolactic conversion be avoided?
yes (to preserve freshness) or interrupted via filtration and/or SO2
what is the north-east known for
white but also have red
Bacchic imagery…
returns in both literature and visual arts as part of revival of ancient pagan culture
what does renaissance mean
re-birth
etiquette at court (people close with those in power)
extremely important at Ren courts; good manners could determine success/fail of careers
caused the boom of “books of manners”
what does Philostratus’ Images include
nymph, the score, ‘puer mingens’
how is malolactic conversion usually started
can be spontaneous but is usually started by inoculating cultivated bacteria
when did the image of Dionysus get lost?
when Christianity – wasn’t persevered because it was inappropriate, etc.
whats up with the name malolactice fermentation/conversion
commonly called fermentation (because it produces CO2) but properly speaking it is not because performed by bacteria NOT yeasts
noteable grape varieties of the north-east
Friulano, Ribolla Gialla, Verduzzo Friulano, Terodego, Lambrusco
boccali
ceramic jugs that wine was served in and them poured into glasses
what happed with Lorenzo Il Magnifico and the pope
conflict with Pope Sixtus IV, who promoted an attempted assassination (Pazzi Conspiracy, 1478) and formed a coalition to fight against Florence
nymph
in foreground was inspired by similar pictures on Roman sarcophagi
Titian, Bacchanal of Andrians, 1518 - 19
commissioned by Alfonso D’Este for Alabaster gallery in his Ducal Palace of Ferrara (now in Prado, Madrid)
SO2 (sulfur dioxide/sulfite)
very common additive used for its antimicrobial and antioxidant properties
trionfo
a procession led by the god (Dionysus in this case)
what are the aromas from malolactic conversion
buttery note due to dyacetil
“books of manners”
describes how to behave in highly formal/ritualized courts
when and at what time does malolactic conversion take place
around 18 - 20 C and usually at the end of “fermentation proper”
Noteable denominations of the North-east
Valpolicella, Soave, COllio/Fiulia Grave, Prosecco, Franciaeota, Trento, Lambrusco
what did the economy in Rinascimento lead to
political and institutional experiments (i.e. Republic of Florence) by means of classes who tried to get some power
‘puer mingens’
peeing child; symbol of lively youth and light humor
secular movement
humans being placed in center of picture (anatomical classic drawing)
regions in the north-east
Veneto, Friuli-Venezia Giulia; Trentino-Alto Adige; Emilia-Romagna
Lorenzo Il Magnifico
banker and signore (ruler) of Florence from 1469 until death — Golden Age of Florence
rediscovery and improvement of
Roman agricultural techniques –> ID of higher quality grape varieties
The Rinascimento
Italy was divided into many states
why is malolactic fermentation used to convert malic acid into lactic acid
tartaric acid and malic are most abundant acids in grape juice and malic is very harsh
did they go back to ceramic containers?
nope :)
