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wine culture > lesson 11 > Flashcards

lesson 11 Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the north-east known for

A

white but also have red

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2
Q

regions in the north-east

A

Veneto, Friuli-Venezia Giulia; Trentino-Alto Adige; Emilia-Romagna

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3
Q

noteable grape varieties of the north-east

A

Friulano, Ribolla Gialla, Verduzzo Friulano, Terodego, Lambrusco

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4
Q

Noteable denominations of the North-east

A

Valpolicella, Soave, COllio/Fiulia Grave, Prosecco, Franciaeota, Trento, Lambrusco

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5
Q

what does renaissance mean

A

re-birth

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6
Q

what does the renaissance follow

A

middle ages

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7
Q

The Rinascimento

A

Italy was divided into many states

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8
Q

what happened in the Rinascimento regarding economy

A

quick and rapid economic growth accompanied by accumulation of wealthy by middle/upper class merchants and bankers

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9
Q

what did the economy in Rinascimento lead to

A

political and institutional experiments (i.e. Republic of Florence) by means of classes who tried to get some power

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10
Q

humanism

A

looking at ancient Greeks and Romans as models

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11
Q

secular movement

A

humans being placed in center of picture (anatomical classic drawing)

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12
Q

diffusion of printing contributed significantly to the…

A

spread of science and knowledge

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13
Q

main factors of the renaissance of wine

A

expansion of commerce on a large scale, rediscovery and improvement, return of Bacchus/Dionysis

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14
Q

expansion of commerce on a large scale

A

after 1400s “all of Europe drank wine, if only a part of it produced it” ~ F. Braudel Q. in Varriano

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15
Q

rediscovery and improvement of

A

Roman agricultural techniques –> ID of higher quality grape varieties

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16
Q

did they go back to ceramic containers?

A

nope :)

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17
Q

Bacchic imagery…

A

returns in both literature and visual arts as part of revival of ancient pagan culture

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18
Q

Bacchus/Dionysus return to…

A

wine and culture

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19
Q

when did the image of Dionysus get lost?

A

when Christianity – wasn’t persevered because it was inappropriate, etc.

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20
Q

Titian, Bacchanal of Andrians, 1518 - 19

A

commissioned by Alfonso D’Este for Alabaster gallery in his Ducal Palace of Ferrara (now in Prado, Madrid)

21
Q

what was Titian, Bacchanal of Andrians inspired by

A

a passage in Philostratus’ Images

22
Q

Philostratus’ Images

A

a 3rd century account of a picture collection (lost/destroyed) the author saw in a villa near Naples

Dionysus arriving to the isle of Andros (ship in battleground)

23
Q

what does Philostratus’ Images include

A

nymph, the score, ‘puer mingens’

24
Q

nymph

A

in foreground was inspired by similar pictures on Roman sarcophagi

25
Q

the score

A

is from a piece of musci byu court composer Adrian Willert

reads “ he who drinks and does not drink again, know not what drinking is”

26
Q

‘puer mingens’

A

peeing child; symbol of lively youth and light humor

27
Q

etiquette at court (people close with those in power)

A

extremely important at Ren courts; good manners could determine success/fail of careers

caused the boom of “books of manners”

28
Q

“books of manners”

A

describes how to behave in highly formal/ritualized courts

29
Q

what was the most important/popular ‘book of manners’

A

Il Cortegiano (The Book of the Courtier)

30
Q

Puzzle jugs

A

ceramic boccali that could not be used traditionally (often due to hole in the neck but they weren’t all the same) and required to figure it out

common during 15th century as entertainment for meals and remained popular for century

31
Q

boccali

A

ceramic jugs that wine was served in and them poured into glasses

32
Q

Lorenzo Il Magnifico

A

banker and signore (ruler) of Florence from 1469 until death — Golden Age of Florence

33
Q

what did Lorenzo Il Magnifico do with the arts/culture

A

one of the most important patrons of the arts/culture of the time (Botticelli, Michelangelo, Leonardo, etc)

34
Q

what happed with Lorenzo Il Magnifico and the pope

A

conflict with Pope Sixtus IV, who promoted an attempted assassination (Pazzi Conspiracy, 1478) and formed a coalition to fight against Florence

35
Q

Canzona di Bacco/Il Trionfo di Bacco e Arianna

A

most famous of Lorenzo’s carnival songs (canti carnascialeschi)

theme of carpe diem; references to Ancient mythology

36
Q

Arianna

A

Bacco’s wife

37
Q

trionfo

A

a procession led by the god (Dionysus in this case)

38
Q

analysis of Canzona di Bacco/Il Trionfo di Bacco e Arianna

A

describing triumph; sex; nothing is sure about tomorrow

39
Q

malolactic fermentatin/conversion

A

winemakers have lactic bacteria (Oenococcus Oeni) convert malic acid into the much softer lactic acid

40
Q

what natural biological process does malolactic conversion use

A

deacidication

41
Q

why is malolactic fermentation used to convert malic acid into lactic acid

A

tartaric acid and malic are most abundant acids in grape juice and malic is very harsh

42
Q

whats up with the name malolactice fermentation/conversion

A

commonly called fermentation (because it produces CO2) but properly speaking it is not because performed by bacteria NOT yeasts

43
Q

when and at what time does malolactic conversion take place

A

around 18 - 20 C and usually at the end of “fermentation proper”

44
Q

how is malolactic conversion usually started

A

can be spontaneous but is usually started by inoculating cultivated bacteria

45
Q

what are the effects of malolactic conversion?

A

produces effects not just on acidity of wine but also on aromas

46
Q

what are the aromas from malolactic conversion

A

buttery note due to dyacetil

47
Q

can malolactic conversion be avoided?

A

yes (to preserve freshness) or interrupted via filtration and/or SO2

48
Q

SO2 (sulfur dioxide/sulfite)

A

very common additive used for its antimicrobial and antioxidant properties

wine culture (17 decks)

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