Lesson 1 Behavior Section 3 Problems Flashcards
Positive Reinforcement
Giving a reward at the time of a behavior to encourage that act.
Punishment
Unpleasant occurrence used to ELIMINATE the behavior
Imprinting
Fixed action patterns that enable the very young to recognize and bond with their caretaker
The Sensitive Period
A period of time at a very young age when imprinting occurs
Instincts do what
permit animals to perform very complex behaviors without learning them through trial and error
Sociobiologists theorize complex social patterns arise, develop, and sometimes even disappear based on their survival value or ________
Function
Example of Operant Conditioning
F. Skinner experiment associating an activity with a reward (or in other cases can be punishment). A rat pressing a bar with a treat
Origin of Behaviorism
John B Watson formed a Stimulus-Response Theory that said all forms of behavior are muscular and glandular responses and can be observed and measured
Who challenged the idea of animal behavior being instinctive?
Ivan Pavlov: Experiment on conditioned stimuli with a dog salivating when he heard a bell with no food in sight
Who revolutionized ethology and how
Charles Darwin: with his theory of evolution and believed animal behavior was instinctively generated
What is Ethology?
The study of animal behavior
CLASSICAL ethologists proposed animal behavior was ___________
Instinctive.
What is the socialization stage in PUPPIES
4-14 weeks
What is the socialization stage in KITTENS
2-8 weeks
What is aggression
Behavior bred from an impulse to harm another being:
Bonus Answer: Castration helps reverse this!
What are signs of Canine Separation Anxiety
Excessive vocalization, destructive behavior, inappropriate elimination anorexia, hyperactivity or inactivity. Some even show physical signs such as V/D. Symptoms ONLY occur when the owner is away.
Name 7 Types of Aggression Commonly found in Dogs
1) Conflict-Related 2) Fear-Induced 3) Predatory 4) Pain-Induced 5) Inter-Male 6) Territorial 7) Maternal
Explain Conflict-Related Aggression
Dog uses avoidance conditioning, meaning the dog knows aggression will avoid the uncertain or uncomfortable stimuli. A dog snaps at an owner who is taking away a toy or food bowl
Explain Fear-Induced Aggression
Seen in hospitals, when an animal is put into a position from which it can’t escape, or situations filled with loud noises and children who like to get in a dogs face
Explain Predatory Aggression
Doesn’t give a warning, stalks it’s prey the pounces
Explain Pain-Induced Aggression
Protective instinct, A pet with a painful lesion has a natural tendency to bite. It’s one thing that keeps a dog fight going. Owners usually try to break it up by hitting the dog which actually makes it worse.
Explain Inter-male Aggression
Instinctive aggression between males
Bonus Answer: Castration nearly eliminates it
Explain Territorial Aggression
Behavior reflected towards humans or other animals who aren’t members of the household.
Dogs are more aggressive towards humans, Cats are more aggressive towards other cats.
Explain Maternal Aggression
Rare, but occurs after giving birth (post-partum). Instinct to protect it’s young
Name 3 most common reasons BIRDS bite
1) Fear 2) Excitement 3) Aggression
Bonus Answer: Fear and Excitement are usually environmental-stress related
What are the 2 most common problems with rodents
1) Biting 2) Aggression towards other rodents
Describe the importance of an animals socialization period
Proper socialization during the sensitive period is the key to successful relationships between pets and their owners. Cruelty or neglect in this period almost always causes problems later on, and an early association of human contact with pain, fear, or some other bad condition is almost impossible to eradicate.
