LECTURE ch 24 part 1 Flashcards
Kingdom Animalia: the animals—>
Multicelled ___________**
_____________________*****
_____________________*****
Most reproduce sexually
Kingdom Animalia: the animals
Multicelled heterotrophs**
(ingest food, digest it, and absorb the released
nutrients)
Unwalled cells**
Motile during part or all of their lifetime*****
Most reproduce sexually
Sessile –
Sedentary –
Motile –
Sessile – attached to substrate & non-moving
Sedentary – little movement
Motile – active movement
Sponges are __________
Jellies and other cnidarians have _________
Animals with three-layer body plan have _______
(symmetry)
Sponges are asymmetrical
Jellies and other cnidarians have radial symmetry
Animals with three-layer body plan have bilateral symmetry
Jellies and other cnidarians have 2 tissue layers
Outer and inner=____________
Other animals include a middle layer=________
Internal organs develop from this layer^
Jellies and other cnidarians have 2 Tissue layers
Outer ECTODERM**
Inner ENDODERM**
Other animals include a MESODERM(middle layer)
Internal organs develop from the mesoderm
Germ Layers
Outer = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
-\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Middle =\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
-\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Inner = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
-\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_Germ Layers
Outer = ECTODERM
-body coverings & nervous system
Middle =MESODERM
-skeleton & muscles
Inner = ENDODERM
-digestive organs& intestinesTissue Development: Embryo structure
______(fertilized egg) undergoes rapid cell divisions = ______
Forms a hollow ball of cells =_____
Tissue Development: Embryo structure
Zygote (fertilized egg) undergoes rapid cell
divisions =CLEAVAGE*
Forms a hollow ball of cells = BLASTULA*
–Animal Traits and Body Plans–
Bilateral animals divided into two lineages
-PROTOSTOMES
First embryonic opening becomes the mouth
Most invertebrates
-DEUTEROSTOMES
First embryonic opening becomes the anus, second opening becomes the mouth
Some invertebrates and all vertebrates
–Animal Traits and Body Plans–
Bilateral animals divided into two lineages
-PROTOSTOMES
First embryonic opening becomes the mouth
Most invertebrates
-DEUTEROSTOMES
First embryonic opening becomes the anus, second opening becomes the mouth
Some invertebrates and all vertebrates
Bilateral animals divided into two lineages
1 -PROTOSTOMES
Bilateral animals divided into two lineages
1 -PROTOSTOMES
First embryonic opening becomes the mouth
Most invertebrates
Bilateral animals divided into two lineages
2 -DEUTEROSTOMES
Bilateral animals divided into two lineages
2 -DEUTEROSTOMES
First embryonic opening becomes the anus, second opening becomes the mouth
Some invertebrates and all vertebrates
In sponges, digestion is intracellular—
Intracellular=________________
In sponges, digestion is intracellular—
intracellular digestion is the breakdown of substances within the cytoplasm of a cell.
Cnidarians & flatworms digest in the _______
Cnidarians & flatworms digest in thegastrovascular cavity**
In roundworms, this cavity is a pseudocoelompartially lined with tissue from mesoderm
A sac like gut that also functions in gas exchange. Waste is expelled through the same opening that takes in food
gastrovascular cavity
A sac like gut that also functions in gas exchange. Waste is expelled through the same opening that takes in food
acoelom-
Flatworms have a solid mass of tissues around their
gut (“acoelom”)
– (do not have a coelom= a/coelom)
Pseudocoelom-
Roundworms have a cavity PPARTIALLY lined with
mesoderm (between endo & meso)
PPseudocoelom**
-Pseudocoelom
coelom-
Most others have a body cavity fully lined with mesoderm – a space that allows internal organs to
expand and operate freely
coelom
Flatworms have a solid mass of tissues around their
gut called _______
Roundworms have a cavity Ppartially lined with
mesoderm (between endo & meso) called _____.
Most others have a body cavity fully lined with
mesoderm – a space that allows internal organs to
expand and operate freely is called_____
Flatworms have a solid mass of tissues around their
gut –acoelom
Roundworms have a cavity Ppartially lined with
mesoderm (between endo & meso)
-Ppseudocoelom
Most others have a body cavity fully lined with
mesoderm – a space that allows internal organs to
expand and operate freely
-coelom
- –Colonial theory of animal origins
- First animals evolved from a colonial protist called_____
-___________
—Colonial theory of animal origins
First animals evolved from a colonial protist
(choanoflagellates)
- Colonies had specialized cell types
- Eventually process produced the first animal
Choanoflagellate cells resemble cells in modern sponges
Dramatic adaptive radiation occurred during the Cambrian (542–488 million years ago)
– ________________________
Dramatic adaptive radiation occurred during the Cambrian (542–488 million years ago)
* – The Cambrian EXPLOSION
All animal lineages present by the end of the period
Environmental factors were probable influences
- Global climate warmed
- Oxygen concentration increased
(Both made the environment more hospitable for life)
Phylum Porifera -Sponges ****Porifera Characteristics****
Phylum Porifera -Sponges ****Porifera Characteristics**** “pore bearing” Sessile No organs or tissues Asymmetrical Filter feeders
