lab 5 plant nutrient transport and plant behaviors

Question 1

Transpiration –

Answer 1

Transpiration – plants move water from roots to their leaves through xylem and vessels.

Question 2

• Root hairs –

Transpiration stream-

Answer 2

• Root hairs – extensions of plasma membrane to increase surface area
• Due to water’s cohesive property (water attracted to water), a transpiration stream is achieved via a continuous column of water pulled upwards

Question 3

Translocation –

Answer 3

Translocation – Glucose made via photosynthesis moved to all cells through phloem

Question 4

TRANSPIRATION DETAILS

Answer 4

Only ~5% of the water taken up through the roots is used for
photosynthesis, transpiration has many other purposes:
 Transports mineral ions
 Cools the leave as water evaporates (evaporation necessary for transpiration)
 Provides water to main turgor pressure
The rate of transpiration depends on four factors:
 Amount of light = more light = increase transpiration
 Temperature = more evaporation = increase transpiration
 Humidity = more water in air = decrease transpiration
 Air flow – More wind = increase transpiration

Question 5

TRANSLOCATION

Answer 5

TRANSLOCATION

•Sugar created via photosynthesis is transported around the plant in phloem vessels as cell sap. This process is called translocation.
•Although transpiration only moves water up, translocation actually moves sugars up and down inside the plant, allowing sugars to go
where they are needed
• Sources—–where glucose is used
• Sinks—–where glucose is stored

Question 6

PLANT MOVEMENTS: TROPISMS
***Tropism –

types-

Answer 6

PLANT MOVEMENTS: TROPISMS
***Tropism – an organisms ability to turn all or part
of tis body in a direction in response to stimuli

Types:
 Phototropism – Plant’s ability to grow toward light
 Heliotropism – Plant’s ability to orient towards sun
 Gravitropism – plant’s ability to detect Earth’s gravity
and grow upwards

Question 7

Thermogenesis – ability of an organism to generate heat

Thermogenic plants generate heath to assist in pollination

Answer 7

Thermogenesis – ability of
an organism to generate heat
Thermogenic plants generate
heath to assist in pollination

Question 8

 Heat also makes plants attractive to animals seeking warmth. Visiting animals unknowingly become _____.

Answer 8

pollinators

Question 9

Camoflouge –

PLANT DEFENSES

Answer 9

Camoflouge – Plant’s ability to blend in with environment

 Harder to find = more likely to survive

Question 10

Physical defenses
 
 
 
(PLANT DEFENSES)

Answer 10

Physical defenses
 Thorns – modified stems
 Spines – modified leaves
 Both are sharp, pointed extensions that can deter large herbivores

Question 11

Trichomes



(PLANT DEFENSES)

Answer 11

Trichomes
 A layer of plant hairs that are pointy extensions of the epidermis.
 Can prevent insect eggs from sticking to plant, hinder movement by insects, and deter large herbivores with unpleasant texture

Question 12

Chemical Defenses –

Indirect Defenses –

(PLANT DEFENSES)

Answer 12

***Chemical Defenses – compounds with chemical properties that directly deter herbivores from feeding on a plant
 Many are toxic and can even be lethal

Question 13

• Root hairs –

Answer 13

• Root hairs – extensions of plasma membrane to increase surface area

Question 14

Indirect Defenses –

PLANT DEFENSES

Answer 14

***Indirect Defenses – those in which the plant does not do anything to directly protect itself, but creates an environment for another organism, such as an insect, to provide protection for plant

Question 15

Most of the photosynthesis occurs in which layer of leaf tissue?

Answer 15

PALISADE MESOPHYLL

Question 16

SINK

SOURCE

Answer 16

SINK-WHERE IT STORES GLUCOSE

SOURCE- WHERE IT USES GLUCOSE