lab 2 plant like protists

Question 1

Most Marine and Fresh Water protist are Plankton-

◦ Phytoplankton – photosynthetic or heterotrophic
-

◦ Zooplankton – heterotrophic or heterotrophic
-

Answer 1

◦ Phytoplankton – photosynthetic
◦ “algae” & mixotrophs

◦ Zooplankton – heterotrophic
◦ Protozoa & mixtrophs

Question 2

◦ Unicellular –
◦ Filamentous –
◦ Colonial –
◦ Multicellular –

Answer 2

◦ Unicellular – have only one cell
◦ Filamentous – cells lined up end-to-end
◦ Colonial – collection of cells working together
◦ Multicellular – multiple independent cells

Question 3

◦ Mostly the zooplankton, or animal- like protists will display movement through…

Answer 3

◦ Flagella
◦ Cilia
◦ Pseudopods

Question 4

Supergroups for plant-like protists

SAR (Stramenopiles & Alveolates)
-
-
-
-
-
-
the day i saw a brown dino
fuck stupid liars

Answer 4

SAR (Stramenopiles & Alveolates)
◦ Phylum – Diatoms
◦ Phylum – Brown Algae
◦ Fucus
◦ Sargassum
◦ Laminaria
◦ Dinoflagellates (Alveolate)

Question 5

Supergroups for plant-like protists

 Archaeplastida:
-
-
-
-
-
-

Answer 5

Archaeplastida:
◦ Phylum – Chlorophyta (Green Algae)
◦ Chlamydomonas
◦ Volvox
◦ Phylum – Charophytes
◦ Spirogyra
◦ Desmids

Question 6

Supergroups for plant-like protists

Excavata:
-phylum:
-

Answer 6

Excavata:
◦ Phylum – Euglenozoans
◦ Euglena

Question 7

***Chlamydomonas

Answer 7

supergroup: Archaeplastida

***Pyrenoid = starch production & storage

***Stigma = light-sensing spot

◦Unicellular
◦Motile
◦2 flagella

Question 8

***Spirogyra

Answer 8

supergroup: Archaeplastida
- Filamentous
- Mucilage = feels slippery
- Winter = 2n zygotes “hibernate”

-Belong to Charophyte group

Question 9

Volvox

Answer 9

supergroup: Archaeplastida
Colonial = association of independent cells
◦Up to 50,000 cells
◦Can’t live alone

◦Form hollow spheres of many cells arranged in a single layer on periphery

-Daughter colonies develop within parental colony (an enzyme dissolves part of parental wall so they can escape when mature!)

Reproduction—-
◦Oogamy – sperm swims tononmotile egg to form
a diploid zygote
◦Asexual – volvox cells divide, bulge inward, and produce new colonies called; daughter colonies

Question 10

***Desmids

Answer 10

-Unicellular
◦Belong to the Charophyte group of green algae
◦Consists of 2 halves that are a mirror-image of one

Question 11

The protists most closely related to animals are the

Answer 11

choanoflagellate

Question 12

Which is NOT one of the characteristics linking green algae and land plants?

a- Both store carbohydrates (glucose) in the form of starch.

b- Both use chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b as their photosynthetic pigments.

c- Both have cell walls composed of chitin.

d-All these are true.

Answer 12

c
Both have cell walls composed of chitin.
Your answer

Question 13

Which phylum (common name) of organisms can cause “red tides” when they have a dramatic increase in their numbers?

Answer 13

Dinoflagellates

Question 14

Choose all of the following that have pseudopods.

a-ciliates

b-radiolarians

c-foraminiferans

d-diatoms

e-amoebas

Answer 14

radiolarians
foraminiferans
amoebas

Question 15

Which filamentous organism (genus name) has coiled chloroplasts and can reproduce sexually via a conjugation tube?

Answer 15

Spirogyra

Question 16

Ciliates have 2 nuclei. One is called a ______and acts as the control center for the cell. The other is called a ______ and is used in sexual reproduction.

Answer 16

Ciliates have 2 nuclei. One is called a macronucleus and acts as the control center for the cell. The other is called a Micronucleus and is used in sexual reproduction.

Question 17

Because foram fossils are quite abundant, they are commonly used as ______ fossils, used to tell the age of an area of sediment.

Answer 17

index fossils

Question 18

which phylum (common name) of organisms are covered in plates of cellulose ad have 2 perpendicular flagella?

Answer 18

Dinoflagellates

Question 19

Which phylum (common name) of organisms has a outer covering made of silica and formed into 2 halves, like a box and a lid?

Answer 19

Diatom

Question 20

The cell walls of_____algae are composed of cellulose and algin, a gelatinous material that makes them feel slippery and slimy.

Answer 20

brown algae

Question 21

The flexible protein-containing outer covering of some protists, that allows for movement, but also allows water into the cell, is called a

Answer 21

pellicle

Instead, they are covered with a layer of flexible proteins, called a pellicle. ***

But water is able to pass through the pellicle via osmosis. So, these organisms use contractile vacuoles that fill with water as it enters the cell and then contract to expel the excess water from the cell.

Question 22

The “plant-like” photosynthetic autotrophs are collectively referred to as ____, while the “animal-like” heterotrophic protists are referred to as ______.

Answer 22

plant like=algae

animal like=protozoa

Question 23

Kingdom Protista is one of the four kingdoms in Domain _ _ _ _ .

Answer 23

Eukarya

Question 24

What material makes up the outer covering of diatoms?

Answer 24

Silica

Question 25

Which genus of brown algae has flat blades with forked tips?

Answer 25

Fucus

Question 26

Which genus of brown algae can be found floating in large mats off the east coast of the US?

Answer 26

Sargassum

Question 27

what is a Holopelagic

Answer 27

a marine organism that spends its entire life floating, never touching the ocean floor

Question 28

***Dinoflagellates -

Answer 28

• 2 flagella ((Transverse (in groove); longitudinal (free))
• covering made up of plates of cellulose
• Large part of phytoplankton
• Zooxanthellae” = symbiotic with coral
• causes red tides