LECTURE 9- SPEECH PERCEPTION

Question 1

stages of sppech perception

Answer 1

1. select signal of interest from irrelevant inputs(such as distractions)
2. extract/ decode the elements of interest such as phonemes from the speech signal
3. word identification
4. comprehension and interpretation- construct meaning and integrate to construct speakers intended message.

Question 2

energetic maksing

Answer 2

target degraded in some way (several people talking at the same time, background sounds are like the speaker)

Question 3

infomrational masking

Answer 3

effect of cognitive load (completing multiple tasks e.g. writing notes whilst listening to lecturer)

Question 4

how to deal with variability

Answer 4

How to deal with variability=

1. stress initial syllable of content words typically stressed in English.
2. coarticulation, this is when pronunciation of phoneme depends on preceding and following phonemes.
3. sentence context, information that is not provided in the auditory signal but u get information about previous input.

Question 5

what is the phonemic restoration effect?

Answer 5

listeners unaware that phoneme has been removed and replaced by a non-speech sound as they fill in the gaps. supplying evidence that we use top down expectations based on sentence context.