LECTURE 8- THEORIES OF REASONING

Question 1

What are the 2 theories of deductive reasoning

Answer 1

mental model= create a visual image of the problem

dual system= 2 systems, one is unconscious heuristic based and one is conscious analytical based

Question 2

MENTAL MODEL THOERY

Answer 2

create a visual image of each premise given to you

ASSUMPTIONS= mental models are constructed so conclusions can be generated.
we contrast alternative models to falsify conclusions
reasoning models that require several mentak miodels are harder to solve’

Question 3

MENTAL MODEL- limitations

Answer 3

limitations= does not describe how we decide which info to incldue in a mental model

premises may be amgiguious meaning we cannot create a mental image, so this model cant describe how we solve when premises are ambiguoius.

Question 4

DUAL SYSTEM THEORY- heuristic anaytic

Answer 4

we use task features goals and knowledge to create a single possibilit or mental model

we then justify our reasoning - decide if our analytical system needs to be involved? if not you can create a conclusion. if yes, you will need to evaluate your model and see if it satisfies and if it doesnt you have to go through the entire process again.

ASSUMPTIONS= we hold just one mental model at one time
we tend to do the most relevent mental model first based on prior knkowledge
we evaluate our mental model by the analytic system

Question 5

dual system theory

limitations

Answer 5

limitations= no actual evidence
does not actually explain how these 2 systems interact

assumes that all analytical processing is conscious but it can sometimes be uncoscious?