Lecture 9 - Exchange And Transport 2 Flashcards
What will increase surface area lead to
Increase diffusion of oxygen entering and co2 leaving
Diffusion rate
Co2 high conc in blood but low conc in the air
How are alveoli adapted to increase absorption
Large surface area
Thin walls
Short diffusion distance
Good blood supply
Describe the process of gas exchange in the lungs
When a person inhales oxygen diffuses from the air in the alveoli into the red blood cells
when you exhale carbon dioxide diffuses out
What is emphysema
Leads to destruction of the alveoli wall as and reduces surface area
Explain the effect of emphysema on oxygen diffusing into the blood
Reduce total surface area of alveoli
So diffusion of oxygen is reduced
What is the digestion
Hydrolysis reaction breaking glycosidic bonds (starch), peptide bond (‘protein) and ester bond (‘lipids)
What does vena cava do
Receive all the blood
What do valves do
So the blood doesn’t pump backwards or back flow
What does coronary artery do
Supply heart with nutrients it needs
What do capillaries do
Take in both oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
What is double circulatory system
Blood flows through the heart twice
One to lungs
One to the rest of the body
What does red blood cells do
Carry’s oxygen Around the body
Large protein
4 polypeptide chain
Each hemoglobin group carry 4 oxygen molecules
What does co2 do
It diffuses into the plasma
