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Biology > DNA lecture 3 > Flashcards

DNA lecture 3 Flashcards

1
Q

When was initial DNA discovery

A

1869

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2
Q

How many strands coil around each other

A

2

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3
Q

What does that those strands form

A

Double helix

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4
Q

What is between the pairs

A

Bonds

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5
Q

How many bases does dna have

A

4

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6
Q

Function of DNA

A

responsible for passing genetic information
Larger molecule carries lots of information
Stable - due to many hydrogen bonds
Base sequence -allows information to be stored and base sequence code for amino acids
Weak hydrogen bonds
Double stranded- replication can occur semi conservatively
Compact - helix
Double helix -provides stability , protect bases , hydrogen bonds

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7
Q

What is semi conservative replication

A

2 dna molecules consists of one original strand and one newly synthesised strand

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8
Q

What type of molecule is it

A

Large

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9
Q

Shape

A

Helixed /coiled and compact

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10
Q

What does base sequence allow

A

Information to be stored and base sequence code for amino acids

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11
Q

What type of hydrogen bonds

A

Weak

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12
Q

Shape of prokaryotes

A

Small ,circular , not associated with proteins

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13
Q

Shape of eukaryotes

A

Long
Thin
Associated with proteins (histones)

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14
Q

In eukaryotic cells what is DNA stored as

A

Chromosomes in nucleus

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15
Q

How many pairings do humans have

A

23

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16
Q

What are homologous pairs

A

Same gene and same size

17
Q

What are DNA and RNA

A

Nucleic acids

18
Q

What do they have in them

A

Pentose sugar
Phosphate group
And nitrogenous base

19
Q

What is a nitrogenous base

A

Purines and pyrimidines

20
Q

What is the double helix held by

A

Hydrogen bases

21
Q

Is the hydrogen bases parallel or anti parallel

A

Anti parallel

22
Q

Is the hydrogen bases parallel or anti parallel

A

Anti parallel

23
Q

What are the pairs

A

Adenine -thymine
Cytosine -guanine

24
Q

What are bases pyrimidines

A

Cytosine
Thymine
Uracil

25
Q

What bases are purines

A

Adenine
Guanine

26
Q

What reaction is between a polynucleotide

A

Condensation

27
Q

What reaction is between a polynucleotide

A

Condensation

28
Q

What is the chain of phosphate and sugar known as

A

Sugar phosphate backbone

29
Q

How many nucleotide bases Paris in turn of dna helix

30
Q

Structure of dna

A

RNA and DNA are nucleic acids
Store genetic information
Have a pentose sugar , nitrogenous base and phosphate group
Double helix - antiparallel

31
Q

what is RNA

A

single sugar - phosphate backbone
Has ribose sugar
Has uracil
Shorter

32
Q

The structure of polynucleotide

A

Condensation reaction
Phosphate and sugar
Phosphodiester bond
10 nucleotide base pairs in turn of DNA helix

33
Q

How many strands does dna or rna have

A

DNA - two strands / double
RNA - has single strand

Biology (17 decks)

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