lecture 8 Flashcards
Association areas
1-Complex process that allows perception to translate into behavior.
2-80% of the cortex responsible for this
3- It is different than sensory areas
4- Modalities combine, attention shifted , planning occurs in these areas.
Limbic association area
1- Anterior ventral temporal lobe
2- Links emotions with sensory inputs
3-Important for learning and memory.
Posterior association area
1- Junction of occipital, temporal, parietal
2-Links information from primary and unimodal sensory areas.
3- Important for perception and language
Anterior Association Area
1-Prefrontal cortex
2-Links information from other association areas (most complex)
3-Important in memory, planning and higher-order concept.
Parietal Lobe functions?
1-Sensory perception
2-Visual
3-Integration
4-Taste
5-Touch
6-Movement
7-Spatial skills
8-Reading sensory aspects
9- Episodic memory
10-Physical self
Superior Parietal Lobe (SPL) function?
1- Spatial orientation
2- Needed for visual perception
3- where something is
4-object manipulation (coordinated hand movements)
Inferior parietal lobe
1- Spatial attention & Multimodal sensory integration (being able to taste and smell coffee)
2-Visual perception
3-Paying attention to movement/location
4- complex sensory experiences
Dorsal (Where)
1-Localizing objects in space, spatial awareness, guidance of actions
2-Includes superior parietal lobe, inferior parietal lobe, supramarginal gyrus
Supramarginal gyrus
tactile perception and location of limbs ( knowing where your body parts are)
Somatosensory cortex
1- Detecs sensory information from the body regarding temperature, proprioception, touch, texture, and pain
2-Receives neuronal projections from the thalamus
Somatosensory cortex- Primary Motor cortex relationship?
1-Somatosensory and motor cortex are adjacent and organized in the same way.
2-Transfer information to each other.
What are the 2 major pathways of Somatosensory area?
1-Pressure
2-Irritation
—- they both have their own pathways which help to process the information better.
What are the 3 types of receptive fields?
1-Nodception
2-Hapsis
3-Preprioception
Nodception
1-Pain, temperature
2-slow perception
Hapsis
1- Touch , pressure
2- fast and slow
Preprioception
1- self-bodily awareness
2-fast
Process of grabbing an object
1-Neocortex plans
2-Subcortical structures from circuits with the neocortex to control movement
3- Spinal cord instructed
(Visual cortex, parietal region, sensory cortex, motor cortex,pre-motor cortex)
The precuneus
1-Recollection and memory
2-Mental imagery
3-episodic memory retrieval
4-affective responses to pain
5-self-referential processing ( who is referring to me.)
6-Deactivation is associated with losing consciousness.
7-experience of agency (free-will)
8-Hypothesized that functions carried can be explained by its central location.
9- Dafult Mode network
Default Mode Network
1- the area activated when doing nothing. (It’s a very social network)
2- Autistic people’s DMN doesn’t have as many social networks
3-DMN and mirror neuron systems interact.
Posterior cingulate cortex (PCC)
1-State of arousal
2-Breadth of focus (internal&external)
3-self-referential
4-episodic
5-autobiographical
3-future thinking
4-conceptual processes
Temporal Parietal Junction
1-Social cognition attention, language processing
2-Reoriantes attention (surprising stimuli)
2-Theory of Mind
3-empathy&self awareness
4-connects environmental information to existing knowledge
Asomatognosis
Loss of knowledge of one’s body:
1-Anosognosia: unawareness of the illness
2-Anosodiaphoria: not caring about the illness no emotions
3-Autopagnosia: inability to recognize body parts
4-Asymbolia for pain = absence of typical pain repsonse.
Apraxia
Loss of movement caused by brain lesion (not body parts)
1-Ideomotor apraxia= disturbance of physical movement ( can’t copy or wave)
2-Constructional Apraxia ( disturbance of spatial processing (unable to build a puzzle, drawing a picture )
3-Speech apraxia: disturbance of speech due to brain lesion (your mouth cant move)
Contralateral neglect/Hemispatial Neglect
1- When a parietal lobe lesion causes a patient to ignore stimuli on the contralateral side of the body.
2-Clock test: she ignores the left-side of the circle and aware that something is wrong.
Gerstmann’s syndrome
1-rare due to left parietal stroke
symptoms:
1-Finger agnosia,
2-left-right confusion
3-Agraphia =inability to write
4-Acalculia= inability to perform arithmetic
Balint syndrome
1- Bilateral parietal lesion
Symptoms:
1- Could move his eyes but not fixate on sitmuli
2- displayed stimultagnosia= could only attend to one stimuli at a time wouldn’t notice the other one
3-Displayed optic ataxia= difficulty in reaching fro stimuli
Oculomotor apraxia: difficulty voluntarily moving eyes.
Parietal Lobe epilepsy
1- rare
2-Somatic illusion= misperception of real stimuli
3-Inability to detect space
4-Dyseshesia=distortion to the sense of touch feels like pain
Parietal lobe seizure
1-focal seizure
2-falls to one side , eyes change, looses body control
