lecture 7

Question 1

Epilepsy

Answer 1

Condition that causes frequent seizures

Question 2

seizure

Answer 2

burst of electrical activity in the brain disrupts brain function

Question 3

Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Answer 3

1- Most common type of epilepsy
Causes: traumatic injury, stroke
Age of onset: either childhood or after 60.
Treatments: medication surgery, brain stimulation
side effects: drowsiness, loss of creativity

Question 4

Symptoms of Temporal Lobe epilepsy?

Answer 4

1-Temporal Lobe patients may exhibit a personality change.
2-Temporal lobe personality is set of traits may be seen in Temporal lobe epilepsy patients.
3- Mild symptoms not all the traits are seen in one person.
4- Theorized to be caused by neural plasticity coping with changes or damage.

Question 5

Temporal Lobe personality

Answer 5

1-Altered sexual interest
2-Anger and agression
3-Emotionality
4-Guilt
5-Obsessiveness
6-Humorlessness
7-Religiosity
8-Paranoia
9-sadness

Question 6

Focal onset seizure

Answer 6

1- Most common type of epilepsy
2- person is aware

Question 7

generalized onset

Answer 7

person loses awareness

Question 8

Unknown onset

Answer 8

when the seizure isn’t witnessed by anyone and the patient doesn’t have the memory of awareness during the seizure.

Question 9

Tonic-clonic seizure

Answer 9

Seizure type depicted in the movies.
Loss of consciousness, muscle contractions, and abnormal electrical activity throughout the brain.

Sign of onset: partial seizure “aura” abnormal sensations.

Tonic phase: sudden stiffness or tension in the muscles , legs or torso might end up with one falling.

Clonic phase: repeated jerking movement of the arms and legs.

Postical period: the period after a seizure when the brain is recovering.

Question 10

how does EEG function and what’s the use?

Answer 10

Seizure activity can be seen on EEG.
Scalp’s electrical current charge is compared to electrical signals individually to see the abnormal points.

Question 11

What’s the function of Superior temporal gyrus?

Answer 11

Auditory processing

Question 12

Inferotemporal cortex

Answer 12

Visual processing

Question 13

Pyriform cortex

Answer 13

olfactory(smell) processing & meory

Question 14

Fusiform gyrus

Answer 14

facial recognition

Question 15

Corpus collasum

Answer 15

Bilateral communication

Question 16

Hippocampus and hippocampal gyrus

Answer 16

spatial navigation& spatial object memory

Question 17

Amygdala

Answer 17

Emotion

Question 18

Insula

Answer 18

subjective feelings , salience detection (what’s important or not)

Question 19

Superior Temporal Sulcus

Answer 19

biological motion

Question 20

Cortical column

Answer 20

neurons in TE form cortical column to respond to shapes.

Question 21

Functions of Temporal Lobe

Answer 21

1-Processing auditory input: helps Broca’s area, music recognition (right lobe=melody, left lobe=rhytm)
2-Visual object recognition (faces)
3-Long-term storage of sensory input (hippocampus)
4-Processing olfactory input
5-Spatial navigation
6-Affective reponse =Amygdala
7-Biological motion= STG
8-Learning and other memory process (Hippocampus)& insula

Question 22

Duty of outer ear?

Answer 22

Catches sound

Question 23

Middle ear

Answer 23

Amplfies sound

Question 24

Inner ear

Answer 24

1-converts sound to action potentials
2- Cochlea meditates hearing

Question 25

Mirror neuron system

Answer 25

Involves temporal lobe for visual processing.

Question 26

Results of the damage to left temporal lobe?

Answer 26

1-Verbal memory function
2- speech sounds (Wernicke’s area)

Question 27

Results of the damage to the right temporal lobe?

Answer 27

1- Nonverbal memory function (facial memory, facial expression)
2-Nonspeech sounds (music)