Lecture 7: Shock and Edema Flashcards
Shock
-life threatening condition
-circulatory failure
=inadequate oxygenation of body tissues
Types of Shock
-distributive
-hypovolemic
-cardiogenic
-obstructive
Distributive shock
-hypovolemia
-hypotension
-result of vasodilation and release of inflammatory mediators
-septic shock
Causes of distributive shock
-sepsis (ENDOTOXIN of gram negative bacillus)
-anaphylaxis
-neurogenic
Role of adrenomedullin in septic shock
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Hypovolemic shock
-fluid loss leading to organ failure
hypovolemic shock causes
-hemorrhage
-severe burns
-severe vomiting, diarrhea
Cardiogenic shock
-ventricular failure
cardiogenic shock causes
-myocardial infraction
-ventricular arrhythmia
-cardiac myopathy
-valvular disease
Obstructive Shock
-blockage in blood flow
Obstructive shock causes
-cardiac tamponade
-pulmonary embolism
-pneumothorax
Edema
-accumulation of fluid in intersitial space of body tissue
-filtration rate is greater than ability to reabsorb and remove fluid via lymph drainage
Primary drivers of fluid movemenr in and out of vascular space
-hydrostatic pressure
-colloid osmotic pressure
Mechanisms of Edema
-increased capillary permeability
-increased capillary hydrostatic pressure
-decreased capillary oncotic pressure
-lymphatic obstruction (lymphedema)
Causes of increased permeability (edema)
-local: cellulitis
-systemic: sepsis, hypersensitivity reaction
