Lecture 1: Intro to ADME Flashcards
ADME
-Absorption
-Distribution
-Metabolism
-Excretion
How to quantify drug effect
-Onset
-Duration
-Intensity
-determined by concentration vs time profile
Dosage form to effect
-release
-dissolution
-degradation
-absorption
-excretion
-distribution
Pharmacokinetics
study of ADME of xenobiotics
Pharmacodynamics
-study of EFFECTS and ACTION of xenobiotics
Minimum effective concentration range (MEC on graph)
concentration of drug that gives minimum effect
Duration
time the graph is above MEC
slide
10
drug disposition
fate of drug after entering systemic circulation
Pharmacotherapeutics
-pathophysiology
-pharmacodynamics
-pharmacokinetics
Routes of administration
-Ingestion
-Inhalation
-Dermal
-Parenteral (Injection)
Reduction in extent of absorption impacts
intensity
reduction in the speed of entry into systemic circulation impacts
onset
speed and extent of distribution impacted by
-barriers
-blood flow
Outcomes of metabolism
-active drug to inactive metabolite
-active to active
-inactive to active
-active to REactive
Routes of Excretion
-renal (primary) or Biliary to feces
-also pulmonary, salivary, mammary
Which antibiotic would be the better choice in
a patient with renal failure?
-eliminated in bile
-eliminated in urine
eliminated in bile
Why is ADME important
-use of preclinical models to predict ADME = lot less drug failure
Active drug to inactive metabolite
phenobarbital to hydroxyphenobarbital by hydroxylation
Active drug to active metabolite
procainamide to N-acetylprocainamide by acetylation
inactive drug to active metabolite
codein to morphine by demthylation
active drug t reavtive metabolite
-acetaminophen to reactive metabolite by
Enteric coated aspirin
coating reliant on pH to dissolve
-WAIT until small intestine
= SLOWER
