Lecture 5: Drug-receptor stereochemistry Flashcards
Arnaldo Piutti
-1886 first observation that enantiomers can have different activity
-stereochemistry
L-asparagine
tasteless
D-asparagine
very sweet
Enantiomers
-nonsuperimposable mirror images
-identical pyshiochemical properties (size, solubility, ionization) except optical rotation
Enantiomer nomenclature
-R/S
- +/- (d/l)
-D/L
R/S system
-by absolute configuration
-3D only
-primary method for drugs
+/- (d/l) system
-by optical rotation
-experimentally determined
-dependent on solution condition
D/L system
-by relative configuration to glyceraldehyde
-obsolete used only for amino acids and sugars
L-amino acids
-all amino acids in proteins (except Gly)
-most are S except Cys which is R
Determination of R/S configuration
- determine priority of the groups attached to chiral carbon
- view molecule with group of lowest priority away
- clockwise vs counterclockwise order of the remaining groups
Cahn-Ingold-Prelog (CIP) priority rule
determines priority of groups attached to chiral carbon
Levorphanol
analgesic
Dextrorphan
antitussive
Levorphanol enantiomer
dextrorphan
Receptors
-biomolecules formed with chiral structural units
-ALL binding pockets are chiral