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FA1 Anatomy 1 > Lecture 7 9/8/23 > Flashcards

Lecture 7 9/8/23 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two main parts of the vertebrae?

A

-body
-vertebral arch

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2
Q

What are the four parts of the vertebral arch?

A

-two lamina
-two pedicles

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3
Q

What is the vertebral foramen?

A

the space between the vertebral arch and the body of a singular vertebrae

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4
Q

What is the vertebral canal?

A

all of the vertebral foramen of all the vertebrae

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5
Q

What are the parts of the intervertebral disc?

A

-annulus fibrosus
-nucleus pulposus

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6
Q

What are the characteristics of the annulus fibrosus?

A

-fibrous cartilage
-joins one vertebrae to another

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of the nucleus pulposus?

A

-gelatinous
-shock absorption

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8
Q

What are the four processes on a vertebrae?

A

-cranial articular process
-caudal articular process
-spinous process
-transverse process

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9
Q

What is the intervertebral foramen?

A

the space between the vertebrae when looking at the lateral surfaces

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10
Q

What is the spinal formula for the dog?

A

C7 T13 L7 S3 CD20-23

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11
Q

What are the roles of the vertebral processes?

A

-form joints between vertebrae
-serve as sites of tendon and ligament attachment

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12
Q

What are the four long ligaments of the vertebral column?

A

-nuchal ligament
-supraspinous ligament
-dorsal longitudinal ligament
-ventral longitudinal ligament

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13
Q

Where does the nuchal ligament run?

A

C2 (axis) to T1

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14
Q

What is the role of the nuchal ligament?

A

helps larger animals to support the head

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15
Q

Where does the supraspinous ligament run?

A

T1 to sacrum

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16
Q

Where does the dorsal longitudinal ligament run?

A

along the ventral part of the vertebral canal from C2 to sacrum

17
Q

Where does the ventral longitudinal ligament run?

A

along the ventral part of the vertebral bodies from C2 to sacrum

18
Q

What do the dorsal and ventral longitudinal ligaments do?

A

hold vertebral bodies together

19
Q

Where does the spinal cord run?

A

through the vertebral foramen, exiting through intervertebral foramen

20
Q

Where do nerves exit?

A

intervertebral foramen

21
Q

What is the other name for C1?

A

atlas

22
Q

What is the other name for C2?

A

axis

23
Q

What is the function of the atlas?

A

allowing the head to nod yes

24
Q

What is the function of the axis?

A

allowing the head to shake no

25
Q

What joint is between the skull and the atlas?

A

atlantoccipital jnt

26
Q

What joint is between the atlas and the axis?

A

atlantoaxial jnt

27
Q

What type of joint are the atlantoccipital and the atlantoaxial joints?

A

synovial joints

28
Q

What six joints are the standards joints on a vertebrae?

A

-2 intervertebral disc joints
-4 articular process joints

29
Q

What are the six additional joints on vertebrae attached to ribs?

A

-4 articulations with rib heads
-2 articulations with rib tubercles

30
Q

Where do the rib heads articulate with the vertebrae?

A

fossas on the cranial and caudal aspects of the vertebrae, ventrally

31
Q

What type of joints are between the rib heads and rib tubercles and the vertebrae?

A

synovial joints

32
Q

Which vertebrae have the standard number of joints (6)?

A

C3-C6, L1-L7

33
Q

What is unique about C6?

A

it has expanded lamina on the transverse processes

34
Q

How many joints does C7 have?

A

8 - 6 standard joints and 2 rib head articulations

35
Q

How many joints do T1 through T9 have?

A

12 - 6 standard joints and 6 rib joints

36
Q

Why do T10-T13 only have 10 joints?

A

the fossas that the ribs articulate with move away (caudally) from the cranial edge, preventing the ribs from articulating with the vertebrae cranially to them

37
Q

What is unique about the S1-S3 vertebrae?

A

they are fused to form the sacrum

FA1 Anatomy 1 (26 decks)

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