Lecture 6a

Question 1

Process by which unspecialized cells become specialized to carry out distinct functions

Answer 1

Differentiation

Question 2

An unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.

Answer 2

Stem cell

Question 3

Divided into several categories according to their potential to differentiate

Answer 3

Stem cells

Question 4

First embryonic cells that arise from the division of the zygote

Answer 4

Ultimate stem cells

Question 5

Ultimate stem cells are described as

Answer 5

Totipotent

Question 6

Have the potential to differentiate into any of the cells needed to enable an organism to grow and develop

Answer 6

Totipotent

Question 7

Has the potential to differentiate into any type of human tissue but cannot support the full development of an organism

Answer 7

Pluripotent

Question 8

Pluripotent cells become more specialized and are referred to as

Answer 8

Multipotent cells

Question 9

Has the potential to differentiate into different types of cells within a given cell lineage or small number of lineages, such as rbc or wbc.

Answer 9

Multipotent stem cell

Question 10

Limited to becoming one of a few different cell types

Answer 10

Oligopotent stem cell

Question 11

Fully specialized and can only reproduce to generate more of its own specific cell type

Answer 11

Unipotent cell

Question 12

Involves the differentiation of multipotent cells into blood and immune cells

Answer 12

Hematopoiesis

Question 13

Stem cells at stages of human life

Answer 13

Embryonic stem cell
Fetal stem cell
Adult stem cell

Question 14

Adult stem cells include:

Answer 14

Epithelial stem cell
Bone marrow
Endothelial stem cell
Mesenchymal stem cell

Question 15

Gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of skin

Answer 15

Adult stem cells

Question 16

Three distinct types of stem cell of the adult bone marrow:

Answer 16

Hematopoietic stem cell

- rbc, wbc, platelet

Question 17

Gives rise to endothelial cell types that line blood and lymph vessels

Answer 17

Endothelial stem cells

Question 18

Give rise to the different types of muscle cells

Answer 18

Mesenchymal stem cells

Question 19

When a cell differentiates, it may undertake major changes in its:

Answer 19

Size
Shape
Metabolism
Function

Question 20

One of a class of proteins that bind to specific genes on the DNA molecule and either promote or inhibit their transcription

Answer 20

Transcription factor