Lecture 3 Part 2

Question 1

Fluid outside cells

Answer 1

Interstitial fluid

Question 2

Interstitial fluid is made of:

Answer 2

Amino acids
Sugars
Fatty acids
Vitamins
Hormones
Salts
Wastes

Question 3

Plasma membrane only allows some substances to enter cell

Answer 3

Selective Permeability

Question 4

Two types of transport:

Answer 4

Passive

Actives

Question 5

No energy (ATP) needed

Answer 5

Passive transport

Question 6

Molecules move from high to low concentration

Answer 6

Down concentration gradient

Question 7

Two types of passive transport:

Answer 7

Diffusion

Filtration

Question 8

Nonpolar and lipid-soluble substances diffuse directly through lipid bilayer

Answer 8

Simple diffusion

Question 9

Example of substances that undergo simple diffusion

Answer 9

O2
CO2
Fat-soluble vitamins

Question 10

Transport proteins (carrier or channel proteins) assist molecules across membrane

Answer 10

Facilitated diffusion

Question 11

Example of transport proteins:

Answer 11

Glucose
Amino acids
H2O
Ions

Question 12

Water-filled channels

Answer 12

Channel proteins

Question 13

Example of channel proteins:

Answer 13

Ions

Question 14

Binds molecule, changes shape, ferries it across membrane

Answer 14

Carrier proteins

Question 15

Example of carrier proteins:

Answer 15

Glucose transporter

Question 16

Diffusion of H2O

Answer 16

Osmosis

Question 17

Channel proteins for H2O passage

Answer 17

Aquaporins

Question 18

Ability of solution to change shape or tone of cells by changing water volume

Answer 18

Tonicity

Question 19

Types of tonicity:

Answer 19

Isotonic
Hypertonic
Hypotonic

Question 20

Equal concentration solutes

Answer 20

Isotonic

Question 21

Higher concentration of solutes

Answer 21

Hypertonic

Question 22

Lower concentration of solutes

Answer 22

Hypotonic

Question 23

Energy (ATP) is needed

Answer 23

Active transport

Question 24

Molecules move from low to high concentration

Answer 24

Against concentration gradient

Question 25

Types of active transport:

Answer 25

Primary

Secondary

Question 26

Directly uses ATP to drive transport

Answer 26

Primary active transport

Question 27

Example of primary active transport

Answer 27

Ca2+ pump
H+ pump
Na+ - K+ pump

Question 28

Move more than 1 substance at a time

Answer 28

Secondary active transport

Question 29

2 substances moved in same direction

Answer 29

Symport

Question 30

2 substances cross in opposit direction

Answer 30

Antiport

Question 31

Examples of secondary active transport:

Answer 31

Cotransport of sugars, amino acids, and ions

Question 32

Fluid and large particles transported across membranes in vesicles (sacs)

Answer 32

Vesicular transport

Question 33

“Out of cell” - eject substances

Answer 33

Exocytosis

Question 34

“Within the cell” - ingest substances

Answer 34

Endocytosis

Question 35

Types of endocytosis:

Answer 35

Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 36

Cell eating - engulf large or solid material

Answer 36

Phagocytosis

Question 37

Example of phagocytosis:

Answer 37

WBC engulf bacteria

Question 38

Cell drinking - fluid with dissolved molecules

Answer 38

Pinocytosis

Question 39

Example of pinocytosis:

Answer 39

Intestinal cells

Question 40

Concentrate specific substances (ligands) that bind to receptor proteins

Answer 40

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 41

Examples of receptor proteins:

Answer 41

Insulin
Iron
Cholesterol