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Anatomy and Physiology > Lecture 3 Part 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 3 Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Fluid outside cells

A

Interstitial fluid

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2
Q

Interstitial fluid is made of:

A 
Amino acids
Sugars
Fatty acids
Vitamins
Hormones
Salts
Wastes
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3
Q

Plasma membrane only allows some substances to enter cell

A

Selective Permeability

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4
Q

Two types of transport:

A

Passive

Actives

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5
Q

No energy (ATP) needed

A

Passive transport

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6
Q

Molecules move from high to low concentration

A

Down concentration gradient

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7
Q

Two types of passive transport:

A

Diffusion

Filtration

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8
Q

Nonpolar and lipid-soluble substances diffuse directly through lipid bilayer

A

Simple diffusion

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9
Q

Example of substances that undergo simple diffusion

A

O2
CO2
Fat-soluble vitamins

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10
Q

Transport proteins (carrier or channel proteins) assist molecules across membrane

A

Facilitated diffusion

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11
Q

Example of transport proteins:

A

Glucose
Amino acids
H2O
Ions

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12
Q

Water-filled channels

A

Channel proteins

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13
Q

Example of channel proteins:

A

Ions

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14
Q

Binds molecule, changes shape, ferries it across membrane

A

Carrier proteins

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15
Q

Example of carrier proteins:

A

Glucose transporter

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16
Q

Diffusion of H2O

A

Osmosis

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17
Q

Channel proteins for H2O passage

A

Aquaporins

18
Q

Ability of solution to change shape or tone of cells by changing water volume

A

Tonicity

19
Q

Types of tonicity:

A

Isotonic
Hypertonic
Hypotonic

20
Q

Equal concentration solutes

A

Isotonic

21
Q

Higher concentration of solutes

A

Hypertonic

22
Q

Lower concentration of solutes

A

Hypotonic

23
Q

Energy (ATP) is needed

A

Active transport

24
Q

Molecules move from low to high concentration

A

Against concentration gradient

25
Q

Types of active transport:

A

Primary

Secondary

26
Q

Directly uses ATP to drive transport

A

Primary active transport

27
Q

Example of primary active transport

A

Ca2+ pump
H+ pump
Na+ - K+ pump

28
Q

Move more than 1 substance at a time

A

Secondary active transport

29
Q

2 substances moved in same direction

A

Symport

30
Q

2 substances cross in opposit direction

A

Antiport

31
Q

Examples of secondary active transport:

A

Cotransport of sugars, amino acids, and ions

32
Q

Fluid and large particles transported across membranes in vesicles (sacs)

A

Vesicular transport

33
Q

“Out of cell” - eject substances

A

Exocytosis

34
Q

“Within the cell” - ingest substances

A

Endocytosis

35
Q

Types of endocytosis:

A

Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
Receptor-mediated endocytosis

36
Q

Cell eating - engulf large or solid material

A

Phagocytosis

37
Q

Example of phagocytosis:

A

WBC engulf bacteria

38
Q

Cell drinking - fluid with dissolved molecules

A

Pinocytosis

39
Q

Example of pinocytosis:

A

Intestinal cells

40
Q

Concentrate specific substances (ligands) that bind to receptor proteins

A

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

41
Q

Examples of receptor proteins:

A

Insulin
Iron
Cholesterol

Anatomy and Physiology (15 decks)

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