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CHI280 - Human Anatomy 1 > Lecture 6: Nasal And Oral Cavities > Flashcards

Lecture 6: Nasal And Oral Cavities Flashcards

0
Q

Laryngopharynx is continuous with what?

A

Oesophagus

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1
Q

Nasopharynx

A

Superior to soft palate
• Inferior to sphenoid bone
• Passage for air only.
• Contains opening of pharyngotympanic tube.

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2
Q

Pharyngeal tonsils

A

• = Adenoids.
• Trap and destroy pathogens entering nasopharynx in air.
If enlarged may cause difficulty in breathing

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3
Q

Pharyngotympanic tube

A

Communication between nasopharynx and tympanic cavity.

Function is to equalise air when your ears are blocked

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4
Q

What is pharyngeal isthmus and what does it do

A

Pharyngeal isthmus closes during swallowing to prevent food entering nasal cavity.

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5
Q

Palatine tonsils

A

Between palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches.

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6
Q

Oral cavity

A
  • Oral vestibule: space between teeth & cheeks

* Oral cavity proper: space between upper & lower dental arches

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7
Q

Trigeminal nerve: cutaneous distribution

A

Tip of nose = CN V1

Ala of nose = CN V2

Upper lip = CN V2

Lower lip = CN V3

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8
Q

Innervation of gingivae & teeth via trigeminal nerve

A

Maxillary nerve : superior alveoli nerve cnv2

Mandibular nerve: inferior alveoli nerve cnv3

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9
Q

Teeth

A 
Deciduous = 20 teeth 
Permanent = 32 teeth
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10
Q

Blood supply of dental arch

A

Maxillary (upper) dental arch supplied by superior alveolar artery.

Mandibular (lower) dentral arch supplied by inferior alveolar artery.

Both arteries branch from maxillary artery.

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11
Q

Muscles of soft palate, Innervation and blood supply

A 
5 muscles of soft palate: 
• Tensor veli palatini 
• Levator veli palatini 
• Palatoglossus 
• Palatopharyngeus 
• Musculus uvulae 
All but tensor veli palatini have motor Innervation by vagus. Tensor veli palatini has motor Innervation via mandibular nerve cnv3. All 5 muscles have sensory Innervation via glossopharyngeal nerve.
Blood supply via greater palatine ( from maxillary artery)
Venous drainage: pterygoid venous plexus
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12
Q

Tongue

A
  • Filiform papillae => rough
  • Fungiform & circumvallate papillae => house taste buds
  • No papillae in posterior 1/3 of tongue, only tonsil.
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13
Q

Taste sensation

A
  • “Taste” = chemical sense.
  • Saliva dissolves food, trickles into open pore of taste bud.
  • Taste cells send signal to CNS via CN VII/IX or X depending on region of tongue. Vagus, glossopharyngeal, facial
  • Taste buds only last 10 days and have to be replaced.
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14
Q

Tongue movement

A
  • Extrinsic muscles alter POSITION of tongue
  • Intrinsic muscles alter SHAPE of tongue

AMotor innervation: hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

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15
Q

Extrinsic tongue muscles: innervation

Motor innervation to:

A
  • Styloglossus from stylish process
  • Hyoglossus from hyoid bone
  • Genioglossus from geniculate bodies
16
Q

Blood supply of the tongue

A

External carotid artery splits into sublingual and deep lingual

17
Q

Innervation of the tongue

A

General sensory: lingual nerve ( mandibular nerve)
Special sensory: chorda tympani
Motor to all muscles except palatoglossus : hypoglossal
Palatoglossus: vagus

18
Q

Tongue Innervation

A

General sensory- lingual (mandibular branch of trigeminal)
Special sensory- chorda tympani (facial) anterior 2/3
Special/ general - glossopharyngeal posterior 1/3
Motor - hypoglossal
* Styloglossus
*Genioglossus
*Hyoglossus
Motor- vagus
palatoglossus

19
Q

Styloglossus

A

From styloid process

20
Q

Hyoglossus

A

From hyoid bone

21
Q

Genioglossus

A

From mandible

22
Q

Gag reflex

A

Afferent limb: glossopharyngeal (sensory to posterior 1/3 )

Efferent limb: vagus ( motor to palatoglossus)

23
Q

Innervation of nasal cavity
General sensory
Special sensory

A

General sensory-
Anterosuperior: opthalamic
Posterosuperior: maxillary

Special sensory: olfactory

24
Q

Paranasal sinus

A

Most drain into middle nasal meatus

Except sphenoid sinus which drains into sphenoethmoidal recess

25
Q

Paranasal sinus Innervation

A

Frontal sinus- supra orbital nerve ( opthalmic)

Maxillary sinus- infra orbital nerve ( maxillary )

26
Q

Rhinosinusitis

A

Inflammation of para nasal sinus ( usually ethmoid or maxillary)
Caused by obstruction of normal discharge secretion
Causes pain, fever, headaches

CHI280 - Human Anatomy 1 (22 decks)

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