Lecture 2: skull and face Flashcards
What goes through the optic canal?
Optic nerve and the ophthalmic artery
What goes through the cribriform plate?
Olfactory nerve bundles
What goes through the superior orbital fissure?
Oculomotor,trochlear, opthalamic of trigeminal, abducens (3,4,5,6)
What goes through the Foramen Rotundum?
Maxillary nerve ( of trigeminal )
What goes through foremen ovale?
Mandibular nerve ( of trigeminal ), lesser petrosal nerve and the accessory meningeal artery
What goes through foremen spinosum? Hint: Four sections of the spine
Mandibular nerve ( of trigeminal ) middle meningeal artery and vein
What goes through the foremen lacerum?
Filled with cartilage in life
What goes through the carotid canal?
Internal carotid artery and the internal carotid nerve plexus
What goes through the Internal acoustic meatus?
Facial nerve, Vestibulocochlear nerve and labyrinthine artery
What goes through the Jugular foremen?
glossopharyngeal, vagus, spinal accessory ( 9,10,11),
sigmoid sinus
Posterior meningeal artery
What goes through the Hypoglossal canal?
Hypoglossal nerve
What goes through the Foremen magnum?
Medulla oblongata
Meninges
Vertebral arteries
Spinal accessory spinal roots CNXI
Name the three fontanelle
Anterior
Sphenoid
Mastoid
What is the bregma
Junction of the coronal and sagital sutures
What is the pterion
Junction between the sphenoid, parietal, frontal and temporal bones
What is the lambda
Junction between the sagital suture and the lambdoid suture
Obliteration of cranial sutures
Internal - 30-40 y/o
External 40-50 y/o
What lies behind the pterion
Middle meningeal artery ( frontal branch)
Muscles of facial expression are innervated by what nerve?
Facial nerve, has 5 branches: Temporal Zygomatic Buccual Marginal mandibular Cervical
Orbicularis oris innervated by?
Buccal nerve
Marginal mandibular nerve
Orbicularis oculi Innervation?
Temporal nerve
Zygomatic nerve
Buccinator Innervation?
Buccal nerve
Platysma Innervation?
Cervical nerve
Occipitofrontalis Innervation?
Temporal nerve
Injury of the facial nerve results in what?
Bell’s palsy: outer corner of eyelid and mouth will droop on the affected side
Muscles of mastication are innervated by what nerve
Mandibular branch of Trigeminal
What are the 4 muscles of mastication
Medial pterygoid
Lateral pterygoid
Masseter
Temporlis
Blood supply of the muscles of mastication
Maxillary artery
Parotid salivary gland Innervation
Sensory - auriculotemporal and great auricular
Parasympathetic- glossopharyngeal
Sympathetic- external carotid nerve plexus
Temporalis: Origin and insertion
Origin: Temporal lines on the parietal bone of the skull
Insertion: Coronoid process of the mandible
Medial pterygoids: Origin and insertion
Origin: lateral pterygoid plate and maxillary tuberosity and the pyramidal process of the palatine bone.
Insertion: medial angle of the mandible
Lateral pterygoid: origin and Insertion
Origin: Great wing of sphenoid and pterygoid plate
Insertion: Condyloid process of the mandible
Masseter: origin and insertion
Origin: zygomatic arch and maxilla
Insertion: coronoid process and ramus of mandible
