Lecture 13: Lungs Flashcards
The pulmonary cavity contains what structures?
Lungs and pleura
The mediastinum contains what structures?
Heart and great vessels
The left lung has a groove for which structure?
Thoracic aorta
The right lung has a groove for which structure?
Azygos vein
The visceral pleura lines what?
Lungs and in fissures
The parietal pleura lines what?
Internal thoracic cavity
What sits between visceral and parietal pleura?
Pleural fluid
What is the function of pleural fluid?
Prevents friction between lungs and ribs
Name the three types of parietal pleura?
Costal pleura
Diaphragmatic pleura
Mediastinal pleural
Is the visceral or parietal pleura sensitive to pain, temperature, touch and pressure?
Parietal pleura
Why is parietal pleura sensitive?
Because of its sensory supply by branches of the intercostal and phrenic nerves
The costal pleura is innervated by what nerve?
Intercostal nerves
The mediastinal pleura is innervated by what nerve?
Phrenic nerve
The diaphragmatic pleura is innervated by what nerves?
Central layer: phrenic
Peripheral layer: intercostal
Lungs expand into the costodiaphragmatic recess during what?
Forced inspiration
Lungs expand into costomediastinal recess during what?
Inspiration
Bifurcation of trachea at what level?
Sternal angle
What are the structures between the tracheal rings called on the trachea?
Annular ligaments
Surfactant secreted by cells in alveolar walls, what is the purpose of this?
Reduces surface tension and keeps alveolars from collapsing
What are differences between right and left bronchi?
Right is wider, shorter and runs more vertically
What is the Innervation of the trachealis muscle?
Vagus nerve
What nerves regulate cough reflex?
Vagal afferent nerves
What is Arnold’s reflex?
Cough when clean your ears. Afferent nerves carried by auricular branch of vagus nerve innervates external acoustic meatus
Bronchial arteries branch from descending aorta and run along the branching bronchi to supply blood to all the lung tissue except ?
Alveoli
Pulmonary arteries supply what kind of blood from the heart to lungs?
Deoxygenated
Right bronchial veins flow into?
Azygos vein
Left bronchial veins flows into?
accessory hemiazygos or left superior intercostal veins
Sternal angle at what level
T4-T5
