Lecture 12: Lymphoid System Flashcards

0
Q

What are three functions of lymphoid system?

A
  1. Protect against infection
  2. collect certain fluids and return them to circulation system
  3. Absorb fat from small intestines
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1
Q

Name two lymphoid organs?

A

Spleen, thymus

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2
Q

How many litres of fluid does the lymphatic system return into the blood stream each day?

A

3.5-4

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3
Q

Lymphatic vessels transport lymph from everywhere in your body EXCEPT ?

A

CNS and bones

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4
Q

Does the lymphatic system have a pump? If not how does it circulate?

A

Valves, propelled by respiration, skeletal muscle contraction, pulsation of nearby arteries, intrinsic smooth muscle contractions

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5
Q

Lymphatic a are absent from what parts of the body?

A
Eye
Internal ear
Bone marrow 
Cartilage
Teeth
CNS
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6
Q

Lacteals are specialised lymph capillaries present in what specific structures?

A

Intestinal mucosa

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7
Q

Lacteals absorb digested fat and deliver it where?

A

To the blood

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8
Q

Lymphatic a surround capillary beds and absorb the interstitial fluid that leaks of out?

A

Blood vessels

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9
Q

The right lymphatic duct drains what structures?

A

Right upper arm and right side of head and thorax

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10
Q

The thoracic duct arises where and drains what structures?

A

Arises from cisterns chyli and drains the rest of the body

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11
Q

How does lymph end up back into the circulatory system?

A

Right and left subclavian veins

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12
Q

The supraclavicular lymph nodes drain to?

A

Jugular lymphatic trunk=> left thoracic duct or right lymphatic duct

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13
Q

75% of lymph drains laterally and superiorly to what node?

A
Axillary
Most of remainder drains 
medially and deep into the 
parasternal nodes. 
• Small amount may drain to 
the posterior intercostal 
nodes.
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14
Q

Cubital nodes surround what vessel

A

Median cubital vein

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15
Q

Lymphatics surrounding great saphenous vein drains to which lymph node?

A

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

16
Q

Lymphatics surrounding the small saphenous vein drain to what?

A

Popliteal lymph node

17
Q

What is lymphoedema?

A

Lymph nodes don’t drain

18
Q

What is lymphangitis?

A

Inflammation of lymphatic vessels, red streak following lymph vessels. Red due to congestion of vasa vasorum

19
Q

What is lymphadenitis?

A

Inflammation of lymph nodes, lymph nodes become, large and tender

20
Q

The thymus is located where in relation to the thyroid?

A

Inferior ( superior to the heart, anterior to great vessels)

21
Q

The thymus stops growing during adolescence then gradually disappears. It produces mostly what?

A

Lymphocytes

22
Q

The spleen is located in which region of the abdomen?

A

Left hypochondriac region

23
Q

What is the most vulnerable abdominal organ?

A

Spleen ( not vital to sustain life)

24
What artery and vein supply the spleen?
Splenic artery and vein
25
The spleen is the largest lymphoid organ, it is the site of lymphocyte proliferation and immune surveillance and response
.
26
The fetal spleen produced something that the adult spleen does not?
RBC
27
The white pulp of the spleen (lymphocytes) is located around what structure?
Central arteries
28
The red pulp in the spleen ( erythrocytes) is composed of what?
Splenic cords and sinusoids
29
Name the four types of tonsils?
Palatine Lingual Pharyngeal Tubal
30
Function of tonsils?
Gather and remove pathogens from food or air
31
What are peyers patches?
Clusters of lymphoid follicles in the wall of the ileum
32
What is the function of peyers patches in the appendix?
Destroy bacteria and generate memory lymphocytes