Lecture 12: Lymphoid System Flashcards
What are three functions of lymphoid system?
- Protect against infection
- collect certain fluids and return them to circulation system
- Absorb fat from small intestines
Name two lymphoid organs?
Spleen, thymus
How many litres of fluid does the lymphatic system return into the blood stream each day?
3.5-4
Lymphatic vessels transport lymph from everywhere in your body EXCEPT ?
CNS and bones
Does the lymphatic system have a pump? If not how does it circulate?
Valves, propelled by respiration, skeletal muscle contraction, pulsation of nearby arteries, intrinsic smooth muscle contractions
Lymphatic a are absent from what parts of the body?
Eye Internal ear Bone marrow Cartilage Teeth CNS
Lacteals are specialised lymph capillaries present in what specific structures?
Intestinal mucosa
Lacteals absorb digested fat and deliver it where?
To the blood
Lymphatic a surround capillary beds and absorb the interstitial fluid that leaks of out?
Blood vessels
The right lymphatic duct drains what structures?
Right upper arm and right side of head and thorax
The thoracic duct arises where and drains what structures?
Arises from cisterns chyli and drains the rest of the body
How does lymph end up back into the circulatory system?
Right and left subclavian veins
The supraclavicular lymph nodes drain to?
Jugular lymphatic trunk=> left thoracic duct or right lymphatic duct
75% of lymph drains laterally and superiorly to what node?
Axillary Most of remainder drains medially and deep into the parasternal nodes. • Small amount may drain to the posterior intercostal nodes.
Cubital nodes surround what vessel
Median cubital vein
Lymphatics surrounding great saphenous vein drains to which lymph node?
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Lymphatics surrounding the small saphenous vein drain to what?
Popliteal lymph node
What is lymphoedema?
Lymph nodes don’t drain
What is lymphangitis?
Inflammation of lymphatic vessels, red streak following lymph vessels. Red due to congestion of vasa vasorum
What is lymphadenitis?
Inflammation of lymph nodes, lymph nodes become, large and tender
The thymus is located where in relation to the thyroid?
Inferior ( superior to the heart, anterior to great vessels)
The thymus stops growing during adolescence then gradually disappears. It produces mostly what?
Lymphocytes
The spleen is located in which region of the abdomen?
Left hypochondriac region
What is the most vulnerable abdominal organ?
Spleen ( not vital to sustain life)
What artery and vein supply the spleen?
Splenic artery and vein
The spleen is the largest lymphoid organ, it is the site of lymphocyte proliferation and immune surveillance and response
.
The fetal spleen produced something that the adult spleen does not?
RBC
The white pulp of the spleen (lymphocytes) is located around what structure?
Central arteries
The red pulp in the spleen ( erythrocytes) is composed of what?
Splenic cords and sinusoids
Name the four types of tonsils?
Palatine
Lingual
Pharyngeal
Tubal
Function of tonsils?
Gather and remove pathogens from food or air
What are peyers patches?
Clusters of lymphoid follicles in the wall of the ileum
What is the function of peyers patches in the appendix?
Destroy bacteria and generate memory lymphocytes
