Lecture 6 - Cell Biology Flashcards
(40 cards)
6 features common to all cells
– Cell membrane – Cytoplasm – Genetic information, DNA – RNA participates in producing proteins – Ribosomes manufacture proteins – Proteins carry out cell’s work
complex cells have _________
organelles
compartments for specialized functions
organelles
bacteria is what type of cell (prokaryotic or eukaryotic)
prokaryotic
two types of cells
prokaryotic
eukaryotic
humans, plants, and fungi have what type of cells
eukaryotic
what type of cells have all the essentials and don’ protect their DNA
prokaryotic
why don’t prokaryotes protect their DNA
because they don’t have a nucleus
what type of cells extremely protect their DNA and how
eukaryotic, they have a nucleus(so big you can see it with a light microscope)
4 types of connections between cells
adhesion/anchoring junction
tight junction
gap junction
plasmodesmata
what type of connection between cells link cytoplasm of adjacent cells
gap junction
what type of connection between cells forms impermeable membrane
tight junction
what type of connection between cells is a narrow thread of cytoplasm that passes through the cel walls of adjacent plant cells and allows communication between them
plasmodesmata
what type of connection between cells connect cells by linking intermediate filaments
adhesion junction
what are cell membranes made out of
lipids and proteins
5 characteristics of phosphlipids
- glycerol
- 2 fatty acids and a phosphate group
- hydrophilic head
- hydrophobic tails
- spontaneously form phospholipids bilayer
describe fluid mosaic
proteins and phospholipids free to move literally within the bilayer
purpose of the cell membrane
regulate what goes in and out of the cell
purpose of ribosomes
read RNA & make proteins
describe ribosomes in the cytoplasm
protein not associated with membrane, just free floating in cytoplasm
describe ribosomes in RER
proteins released from cell or fused with membrane or part of another organelle membrane
what type of cells contains a nuclear envelope
eukaryotic
studded with ribosomes making proteins destined for secretion (like milk)
• Proteins folded and modified
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
synthesizes lipids, detoxifies drugs and poisons
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticululm