Lecture 1 - Diversity of Life Flashcards
The theory that all living organisms are made of cells and all cells come from pre-existing cells
Cell theory
Two types of cells
Unicellular and multicellular
Which type of cell contains tissues, organs, organ systems, and is an organism
Multicellular
5 characteristics of life
Organized Energy use Homeostasis Reproduction/growth/development Evolution
This is an example of what characteristic of life?
Atoms make up molecules, which make up cells, which make up tissues, and so on
Organization
This is an example of what characteristic of life?
Your kidneys regulate your body’s water balance by adjusting the concentration of urine
Homeostasis
This is an example of what characteristic of life?
A kitten uses the energy from its mother’s milk to fuel its own growth
Energy use
This is an example of what characteristic of life?
An acorn germinates, develops into an oak seedling, and, at maturity, reproduced sexually to produce its own acorns
Reproduction/growth/development
This is an example of what characteristic of life?
Increasing numbers of bacteria survive treatment with antibiotic drugs
Evolution
Levels of biological organization (12)
Atoms Molecules Organelles Cell Tissue Organ Organ system Organisms Population Community Ecosystem Biosphere
6 atoms found in all life
H C N O F S
Compartments that carry out specialized functions in cells (ex. Mitochondria)
Organelles
Self-existing
Cell
(Ex. Leaf)
Organ
(Ex. Vascular on plants)
Organ system
Includes members of the SAME species of organism living in the same place at the same time
Population
Group of organisms of MULTIPLE species interacting with one another
Community
Includes both the living and no living components of an area (adding water to the mix)
Ecosystem
Refers to all parts of the planet that can support life
Biosphere
Chemistry of living cells
Metabolism
Constant stream of energy required to maintain organized life
Metabolism
3 purposes of metabolism
1) build new structures
2) repair old ones
3) reproduce
True/False: photosynthesis and cellular respiration are examples of energy use
True
Extract energy and nutrients from non-living environment
Producer/autotrophs
Eat other organisms, living or dead, for nutrients
Consumer/heterotrophs
Obtain energy from wastes or dead organisms
Decomposer
Plants and some microbes are examples of which part of the energy flow?
Producer/autotrophs
Fungi and many bacteria are examples of which part of the energy flow?
Decomposed
Humans and other animals are examples of which part of the energy flow?
Consumer/heterotrophs
State of internal constancy or equilibrium
Ex. Shivering, vasoconstriction/dilation
Homeostasis
Homeostasis of internal body temp
37 degrees C
98.6 degrees F
Disease is
A disruption of homeostasis
Is mitosis sexual or asexual
Asexual
Is meiosis sexual or asexual
Sexual
Asexual or Sexual:
Organism produces all offspring identical to itself
Asexual
Asexual or sexual:
Genetic material from 2 parent individual unites to form an offspring, which had a new combinations of inherited traits
Sexual
Mitosis or Meiosis:
Allows variety and diversity and is an evolutionary advantage
Meiosis
Which must have multicellular?
Mitosis or Meiosis
Meiosis
A change in the genetic makeup of a population over multiple generations
Evolution
True/False: some organisms can reproduce either way depending on conditions
True
What term defines that some organisms seem “perfectly” adapted to their environment
Evolution
