Lecture 5: Chronic Inflammation and wound healing

Question 1

what are the major players in chronic inflammation

Answer 1

Macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells, fibroblasts

Question 2

What are the 4 outcomes of progression to acute inflammation to chronic inflammation

Answer 2

1. Abscess formation
2. Progression to chronic/granulomatous inflammation
3. Healing with increased cellularity
4. Healing by fibrosis

Question 3

What type of inflammatory response involves fibrin

Answer 3

Acute

Question 4

What type of inflammatory response involves fibrous

Answer 4

Chronic

Question 5

What is granulomatous inflammation and granulomatous formation

Answer 5

Type of chronic inflammation in which cells of monocyte-macrophage system predominant and take form of macrophages, epithelioid macrophages, and multinucleated giant cells

Question 6

What are the 3 distinct morphological areas of a granuloma

Answer 6

1. Innermost- macrophages, multinucleated giant cells +/- cellular necrosis
2. Middle: macrophages, epithelioid macrophages, and multinucleated giant cells
3. Outermost: lymphocytes, plasma cells, fibroblasts with fibrous capsule

Question 7

What is chronic active inflammation and provide an example

Answer 7

Same cellular components as chronic inflammation but also contains acute inflammatory response with neutrophils, fibrin, and plasma proteins

Ex: FIP

Question 8

What is the cause of FIP

Answer 8

Mutated feline enteric coronavirus

Question 9

What does FIP grossly look like

Answer 9

Multifocal gray-tan slightly raised foci (pyogranulomatous) that follow vascular structures and tend to coat serosal surfaces with thick effusion

Question 10

What does the histopathology of FIP look like

Answer 10

Pryogranulomatous vasculitis

Question 11

What is the pathogenesis of FIP

Answer 11

1. Ingestion of feline enteric coronavirus (fecal-oral)
2. Replication in enterocytes and Peyers patches
3. Replication and mutation in macrophages and blood monocytes
4. Virus infected macrophages disseminated to other organs
5. Host immune response—> pyogranulomatous vasculitis

Question 12

What are the 4 phases of wound healing and describe each phase

Answer 12

1. Hemostasis: vasoconstriction, blood vessel relaxation, platelet aggregation at exposed collagen
2. Acute inflammation
3. Prolioferation: rebuild with granulation tissue, angiogenesis, and epitheliazation
4. Maturation: synthesis changes from type III collagen to type I, blood vessels regress and decrease, collagen synthesis stops, result: scar formation