Lecture 5 : Brain Anatomy + Function

Question 1

Parts of the Brain in order (largest to smallest)

Answer 1

1. Cerebrum [major part of the brain]|
   - Frontal lobe, parietal Lo, occipital Lo, temporal Lo
2. Cerebellum “serabellum” [second major part of the brain]

Question 2

Parts of the Brain:
- largest part

Answer 2

1. Cerebrum (largest part): R/L cerebral hemispheres separated by the longitudinal fissure made up of
   - gyri: risen areas / sulci: depressions = convolutions

Question 3

Lobes of the Cerebrum
[ Frontal Lobe ]

Answer 3

1a. Frontal lobes
- motor area (impulses to the muscles etc),
- spatial relations (how things go together)
- problem solving, working memory
– Brocas area: motor speech area
~ damage to the frontal lobe area is…
~ Hemiplegia; stroke to the R hemi. effects the L side
~ Brocas uphasia: difficulty to communicate due to a stroke in the brocas area

Question 4

Lobes of the Cerebrum
[ Parietal Lobes ]

Answer 4

2a. Parietal lobes (primary somato sensory cortex)
- sensation of the skin <–> proprioceptors
–> pain, touch, temperature, pressure on the skin
~ Warnickys area: deals with the ability to understand speech
~~ Warnikys aphasia: loss of understanding of speech

Question 5

Lobes of the Cerebrum
[ Occipital Lobes ]

Answer 5

3a. Occipital Lobes (primary visual cortex)
- visual association area
~ ex: hitting your head on the occipital area can cause you to blackout or lose vision

Question 6

Lobes of the Cerebrum
[ Temporal Lobes ]

Answer 6

4a. Temporal Lobes (primary auditory cortex)
- perception of hearing
- auditory association area
- memories of sounds

Question 7

Parts of the Brain
- second largest part

Answer 7

2. Cerebellum: lies under the occipital lobe of the cerebrum
   within it it has a structure called the Arbor Vitae;
   ~ Arbor Vitae: myelinated axons appearing white in color
   - motor areas that function to control skeletal muscle
   - helps with equilibrium (balance)
   - muscle coordination
   –damage to the cerebellum (trauma, etc.) = loss of muscle tone + balance

Question 8

Another part of the brain (spinal cord to the…)

Answer 8

(bottom) spinal cord > medulla oblongata > Pons (entering the brain)