lecture #5 Flashcards
what determines primary structure
The amino acid sequence of a polypeptide is programmed by a discrete unit of inheritance known as a gene
what do genes consist of ? What class of compounds does this belong to ?
- DNA
- nucleic acid
what are nucleic acids?
polymers made of monomers called nucleotides.
what are the 2 types of nucleic acids
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA)
how long is the DNA crammed in the nucleus
2 m long
how do DNA and RNA differ/similar with
phophate
sugar
bases
both have phophate
sugar :
DNA = deoxyribose
RNA= Ribose
bases :
DNA= A(denine),T(hymine),C(ytosine),G(uanine)
RNA= A,U(racil), C, G
what are the 2 steps of protein synthesis
1) transcription
2) translation
what is transcription
transfer from genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA (mRNA)
what is translation
mRNA to protein
what is DNA and RNA (nucleic acids) composed of ? How do they differ
Both have a phosphate, sugar and
nitrogen group:
DNA: CH3 bonded to it
RNA: H bonded to the C
the type of sugar differ
RNA = ribose (OH and OH)
DNA = dioxyribose (OH and H)
what kind of bonds keep DNA together
Hydrogen bonds
where is mrna sunthesised
nucleus (nuclolus)
