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Anatony > Lecture 4: Intro To Anatomy > Flashcards

Lecture 4: Intro To Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Fascia’s

A

Wrapping, packing, and insulating materials of the deep structures of the body

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2
Q

Superficial fascia vs deep fascia

A

Superficial fascia: subcutaneous tissue - a continuous thing, thickness varies on location

Deep fascia: dense, organized connective tissue layer, made of fat that covers most of the body parallel to (deep) to the skin and subcutaneous tissue

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3
Q

What are the two extension modifications of the deep fascia?

A

Investing fascia: covers or clothes individual membranes and neurovascular bundles (what each muscle is surrounded by)

Intramuscular septa: (wall) divide muscles into groups that are facial compartments and extend centrally to attack to bones

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4
Q

Subserous fascia

A

Lies between musculoskeletal walls and the serous membrane lining body cavities

  • like a layer of glue
  • basically wraps the organs in connective tissue
  • the space between the lungs and the ribs
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5
Q

Retinacula

A

Hold tendons in place during joint movements

  • thickening of deep fascia
  • tenders right under the skin
  • keep the tendons from bowing out
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6
Q

Bursa

A

Closed normally collapsed sac of serous membrane. It allows one structure to move more freely over another

-provides a lubrication
- very thin wall sack made from epithelium and connective tissue
- normally collapsed, has an egg white fluid providing lube
- its what allows you to take your elbow and move it in circles on a table

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7
Q

Tendon sheath

A

Elongated bursa that wraps around a tendon. Enclosing it as it transverses a osseofibrous tunnel that anchors the tendon in place

  • long and skinny tendon that has a bursa wrapped around it like a donut
  • this is in place to not hurt the tendon when it is sliding back and forth on a bone
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8
Q

Where are collapsed bursa sacs found surrounding

A

The heart, linings, and abdominal viscera

-its like wrapping a large, but empty water balloon around a structure. The organ is now surrounded by two layers (parietal - body wall and visceral - organ wall) IT IS NOT INSIDE THE BALOON

The thin form of lubricating fluid between the two layers confers mobility to the structure, which is surrounded by bursa within a confined compartment

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9
Q

What is a mesentary

A

The transition layer to switch to inner and outer on the visceral and parietal layer

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10
Q

Skeletal system functions

A

Support
Protection of vital organs
Mechanical basis if movement
Storage for salts
Constant supply of new blood cells

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11
Q

What is the skeletal system composed of

A

Cartilage and bones

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12
Q

Skeletal system is divided into

A

Axial and appendicular skeleton

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13
Q

Axial skeleton

A

Bones of the head, neck, and trunk

Bones found within the median plane

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14
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

Bones of the limbs, girdles (pectoral and pelvic) that attack it the axial skeleton

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15
Q

Long bone

A

Tubular

Long bone just like it sounds

Femur, ulna, radius, humerus, tibia, fibula…..

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16
Q

Short bones

A

Cuboidal

Wrist, ankle

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17
Q

Flat bones

A

Usually used for protection

Many cranial bones, scapula, sternum…..

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18
Q

Irregular bones

A

Not long, short, or flat

Vertebrae

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19
Q

Sesamoid bone

A

Develop in the tendons where tendons cross the ends of long bones in the limbs

Knee caps

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20
Q

Cartilage

A

Semirigid avascular connective tissue that’s forms part of the skeleton where more flexibility is required

Like where the ends of the ribs attach to the sternum.. allow for movement

21
Q

Bone

A

Living, highly specialized,hard form of connective tissue that makes up most of the skeleton

22
Q

Periosteum

A

Called perichondrium in cartilage…a fibrous connectove tissue layer that covers the bone except where the articulating survives of the bone are covered by articulate cartilage

23
Q

What is articulating cartilage, another name, and where is it

A

Hyaline
Hard, slick, and smooth
It is where a joint and socket would be to allow to movement of the Joing without causing pain

24
Q

Tendons

A

Bone to muscle

25
Q

Articular cartilage

A

Provides smooth, low friction surface movement of the bone relative to another bone at a joint

26
Q

Spongy bone ….. aka?

A

Trabecular bone

Formed from spicules (little spikes) of bone. Has more and larger spaced than compact bone. Forms a central mass of bone (except where it is replaced by medullary cavity - hollow space) deep to contact bone

27
Q

Compact bone

A

Fewer and smaller spaces, thin layer surrounding springy bone

Provides strength and weight bearing

28
Q

Red or yellow bone marrow

A

Found within the medullary cavity between the spicules of the spongy bone

Red bone marrow = RBC made
Yellow bone marrow = fat storage

29
Q

Body in a bone

A

Principle of mass of a bone

In long bones, the shaft.

30
Q

Capitulum

A

Small, round articular head

Little head

31
Q

Condyle

A

Rounded, knuckle like articular area, often occurring in pairs

32
Q

Crest

A

Ridge of bone

Like on a hip bone, the crest surface

33
Q

Epicondyle

A

Superior or adjacent to condyle

34
Q

Facet

A

Smooth flat area, usually covered with cartilage where bone articulates with another bone

Face

35
Q

Foremen

A

ROUND passage through the bone

So like the huge hole that is in the skull base

36
Q

fissure

A

SPLIT LIKE passage through he bone

Basically like the lines through the skull

37
Q

Fossa

A

Hollow or depressed area

38
Q

Groove

A

Elongated depression or furrow

39
Q

Head

A

Large, round articular end

40
Q

Line

A

Linear elevation, sometimes called a ridge

41
Q

Neck

A

Narrow portion adjacent to the head

42
Q

Notch

A

Indention at the edge of the bone

43
Q

Process

A

An extension or protection from a bone

44
Q

Protuberance

A

A bulge or projection form a bone

45
Q

Spine

A

Thorn like process

46
Q

Trochlea

A

Spool like articular process or process that acts as a pulley

47
Q

Tubercle

A

Raised eminence

48
Q

Tuberocity

A

Rounded elevation

Anatony (13 decks)

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