Lecture 4 Chapter 5 Flashcards
Where do stem cells live
Bone marrow
Every second you make how many cells
3 million
What is a pronormoblast
First differentiation from stem cell
Immature
Myeloid or lymphnode?
What happens once a cell becomes a basophilic normoblast
It cannot go back and be a pronormoblast
What is the last stage a RBC can divide
Polychromtophilic normoblast
What does proliferation mean
Can divide and make more of itself
At what stage is there no more proliferation
Orthochromic normoblast
What are the 7 stages of differentiation of a stem cell
1) pronormoblast
2) basophilic normoblast
3) polychromatophilic normoblast
4) orthochromic normoblast
5) shift reticulocyte-BM
6) reticulocyte - PB
7) erythrocyte
Characteristics of immature cells
Larger cytoplasm, blue
Basophilic
RNA makes it blue
How does the Wright stain work
It binds to acidic and makes it blue
What stage of cell and what is happening
Orthochromic normoblast
Diffused chromatin
Gene is actively being transcribed
What does supravital stain for?
Reticulocytes
What does the wright stain stain for
Polychromasia (blue tint)
How long does it take for a stem cell to start to divide
21 days
If there is a high count of reticulocytes what is not the problem
Problem not in the bone marrow
What are the 2 erythroid progenitors
Burst-forming unit-erythroid (BFU-E)
Colony-forming unit-erythroid (CFU-E)
What are the 6 erythroid precursors
Pronormoblast
Basophilic normoblast
Polychromatic normoblast
Orthochromic normoblast
Reticulocyte
Erythrocyte
What is the nomenclature and from what country are the 3 systems?
Erythroblastic - British
Normoblastic - American
Rubriblastic - European
Name the RBC maturation stages
What is the primary protein a pronormoblast makes?
Hemoglobin
What is hypoxia
An absence of enough oxygen in the tissues
A stimulant for erythropoiesis
Describe the erythrokinetics cycle
What do you have more of once you end your period
Erythropoietin
How long does differentiation and maturation from a basophilic erythroblast take
5 to 7 days
What % of evythroid precursors never mature and are destroyed and why?
10-15%
They don’t make it out of the bone marrow
Go into a resivoir for RBCs
Recycled
What % of RBCs are broken down by extravascular hemolysis and where does it happen
90%
Happens in organs/tissue: spleen and liver
What % of RBCs are broken down by intravascular hemolysis and how does it happen
10%
Cells fall apart or get destroyed inside the blood vessel
